3MB Psychiatry: Developmental Psychiatry
This flashcard set defines ADHD, outlines its diagnostic triad of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, describes characteristic impulsive behaviours, and explains the criteria for combined-type ADHD, including developmental inappropriateness, pervasiveness, and functional impairment.
What does ADHD stand for?
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Key Terms
What does ADHD stand for?
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
What is the diagnostic triad of ADHD?
Inattention
Hyperactivity
Impulsivity
How would you describe a person with ADHD’s actions?
Essentially act before they think - impulsive and often later regret
What further attributes does “combined-type ADHD” have?
Triad of ADHD
which are developmentally inappropriate,
impairing,
pervasive and
longstanding
What impacts can ADHD have at home?
Parents can’t cope
Raised family stress
Increased anger and upset
Increased risk of harm
What impacts can ADHD have at school?
Barrier to learning
Frequently in trouble
Disorganised
Forgetful
Lose things
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What does ADHD stand for? | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
What is the diagnostic triad of ADHD? | Inattention |
How would you describe a person with ADHD’s actions? | Essentially act before they think - impulsive and often later regret |
What further attributes does “combined-type ADHD” have? | Triad of ADHD which are developmentally inappropriate, impairing, pervasive and longstanding |
What impacts can ADHD have at home? | Parents can’t cope |
What impacts can ADHD have at school? | Barrier to learning Frequently in trouble Disorganised Forgetful Lose things |
List some comorbid difficulties that can occur with ADHD | Social difficulty Learning disability Mood and anxiety problems Behavioural disorder Substance use + crime |
Is ADHD more common in males or females? | Males |
List methods of diagnosing ADHD | Parent + school report |
Working memory in children with untreated ADHD resembles that of the memory of elderly with Alzheimer’s. True/False? | True |
Children can grow out of ADHD. True/False? | True Some will as part of brain’s natural developmental process |
List some psychological therapies for ADHD | Parent training |
List 1st line drugs for ADHD | “stimulants” |
List 2nd line drug for ADHD | Atomoxetine |
List 3rd line drug classes for ADHD | Antidepressants |
What is the aim/purpose of using stimulant drugs in ADHD? | Improve dopaminergic neurotransmission in networks involved in higher executive functioning |
What does ASD stand for? | Autism spectrum disorder |
List the triad of impairments in autism |
|
Is autism more common in boys or girls? | Boys |
List some social interaction difficulties in autism | Difficulty establishing relationships |
List some language impairment in autism | Lack of speech Difficulty using pronouns Stress, pitch, rhythm may be odd Difficulty interpreting non-verbal comm Difficulty with imagery Unresponsive/lack of feedback |
List some thought impairment in autism | Restricted, repetitive behaviour |
List some comorbid conditions that may be found with autism |
|
List methods of diagnosing autism | Screening scales |
What is the DSM criteria for diagnosing autism? | 6 symptoms in total 2 symptoms of social interaction 1 symptoms of communication 1 symptom of behaviour Early onset Longstanding |
List non-pharmacological management of autism | Family and school support Behaviour analysis SLT |
List pharmacological management of autism | Risperidone short-term Methylphenidate (ADHD) Melatonin (sleep) |