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3MB Psychiatry: Pharmacology

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This flashcard set outlines key antidepressant types, including how monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) work, and provides examples of commonly used tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).

How do monamine oxidase inhibitors work? Give an example of one

Slow down breakdown of neurotransmitters by inhibiting MAO enzyme
Phenelzine

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

How do monamine oxidase inhibitors work? Give an example of one

Slow down breakdown of neurotransmitters by inhibiting MAO enzyme
Phenelzine

List some TCA’s


Amitriptyline
Clomipramine
Imipramine
Dosulepin

List some SSRI’s

Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Citalopram
Sertraline

Whereabouts in the synapse do MAO inhibitors act?

Presynaptic terminal

Whereabouts in the synapse do TCA’s act?

Synaptic cleft

Whereabouts in the synapse do SSRI’s act?

Presynaptic terminal

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TermDefinition

How do monamine oxidase inhibitors work? Give an example of one

Slow down breakdown of neurotransmitters by inhibiting MAO enzyme
Phenelzine

List some TCA’s


Amitriptyline
Clomipramine
Imipramine
Dosulepin

List some SSRI’s

Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Citalopram
Sertraline

Whereabouts in the synapse do MAO inhibitors act?

Presynaptic terminal

Whereabouts in the synapse do TCA’s act?

Synaptic cleft

Whereabouts in the synapse do SSRI’s act?

Presynaptic terminal

Which SSRI’s can inhibit CYP450 system?


Fluoxetine

Paroxetine

List some adverse effects of SSRI’s

Sexual dysfunction
GI disturbance
Short-term anxiety

List some adverse effects of TCA’s

Constipation
Dry mouth
Blurred vision
Postural hypotension

Which class of drug are major tranquilizers - antipsychotics or benzodiazepines?

Antipsychotics

What is the general overall mechanism of benzodiazepines?

Act at GABA receptor mediate its inhibitory effect

List the pharmacological clinical effects of benzodiazepines

Reduce anxiety and aggression
Hypnosis, sedation
Muscle relaxation
Anticonvulsant effect

Which BZD acts as a GABA receptor antagonist and what is its effect on anxiety?

Flumazenil

Increases anxiety

Some people can develop tolerance to BZD’s - what is the significance of this?

The doses that work for them can be lethal in normal people

List the clinical effects of rapid withdrawal of BZD’s


Confusion, psychosis
Insomnia
Anxiety
Appetite + weight loss