Back to AI Flashcard MakerBiology /A-level Biology - 3.3.3 Respiration Part 3
A-level Biology - 3.3.3 Respiration Part 3
This deck covers key concepts and experiments related to respiration in biology, including the role of mitochondria, the process of glycolysis, and the effects of temperature and pH on respiration.
Describe how you would investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of respiration of yeast
Set water bath at 35°C Label 5 test tubes Shake yeast and glucose mixture Add 2 cm3 of yeast and glucose mixture to each test tube Place all test tubes in water bath and wait until their contents reach 35°C Add 1 cm3 of methylene blue to test tube 1 Shake test tube for 10s Time how long it takes for solution to change from blue to colourless Repeat steps 6-8 for other 4 tubes Repeat steps 1-9, but use temperatures of 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Describe how you would investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of respiration of yeast
Set water bath at 35°C Label 5 test tubes Shake yeast and glucose mixture Add 2 cm3 of yeast and glucose mixture to each test tube Place all test tube...
Explain why methylene blue changes from blue to colourless
During aerobic respiration, transport of electrons is linked to synthesis of ATP Electrons are taken up by methylene blue When methylene blue is reduc...
What is a respirometer is used for?
Used to indicate rate of aerobic respiration by measuring amount of oxygen consumed by organism in one period of time
Respirometer What happens to the volume of air in test tube with e.g. woodlice & why?
Volume of air decreases due to oxygen consumed during respiration All CO₂ absorbed by potassium hydroxide
Respirometer What happens when the volume of air in the test tube with e.g. woodlice decreases (as oxygen is taken up)?
Decrease pressure in test tube Causes coloured fluid in capillary tube of manometer to move toward it
Describe what happens to reduced NAD produced in Krebs cycle (3)
Enters mitochondria NADH → oxidised to NAD Used to produce ATP
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Describe how you would investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of respiration of yeast | Set water bath at 35°C Label 5 test tubes Shake yeast and glucose mixture Add 2 cm3 of yeast and glucose mixture to each test tube Place all test tubes in water bath and wait until their contents reach 35°C Add 1 cm3 of methylene blue to test tube 1 Shake test tube for 10s Time how long it takes for solution to change from blue to colourless Repeat steps 6-8 for other 4 tubes Repeat steps 1-9, but use temperatures of 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C |
Explain why methylene blue changes from blue to colourless | During aerobic respiration, transport of electrons is linked to synthesis of ATP Electrons are taken up by methylene blue When methylene blue is reduced, changes from blue to colourless |
What is a respirometer is used for? | Used to indicate rate of aerobic respiration by measuring amount of oxygen consumed by organism in one period of time |
Respirometer What happens to the volume of air in test tube with e.g. woodlice & why? | Volume of air decreases due to oxygen consumed during respiration All CO₂ absorbed by potassium hydroxide |
Respirometer What happens when the volume of air in the test tube with e.g. woodlice decreases (as oxygen is taken up)? | Decrease pressure in test tube Causes coloured fluid in capillary tube of manometer to move toward it |
Describe what happens to reduced NAD produced in Krebs cycle (3) | Enters mitochondria NADH → oxidised to NAD Used to produce ATP |
Describe the part played by the inner membrane of mitochondrion in producing ATP (3) | electrons transferred down electron transport chain provides energy to take protons into intermembrane protons pass through membrane, ATP synthase |
Glucose _ ______ the mitochondrial _______ | Glucose cannot cross the mitochondrial membrane |
Human synthesise more than their body mass of ATP each day. Explain why it is necessary for them to synthesise such a large amount of ATP. (2) | ATP cannot be stored/is an immediate source of energy ATP only releases a small amount of energy at a time |
What measurements should the student have taken to calculate the rate of aerobic respiration in mm3 of oxygen g-1 h-1 (3) | Distance (drop moves) and time Mass of organism Diameter of tube |
Draw Glycolysis. Include no. of carbon. | |
Draw the Link Reaction. Include no. of carbon. | |
Draw the Krebs Cycle. Include no. of carbon. | |
The mitochondria in muscles contain many cristae. Explain the advantage of this. (2) | Larger surface area for oxidative phosphorylation Provide ATP / energy for contraction |
Explain why cells gain more energy from lipid than from carbohydrate (3) | More H in lipid More protons so more reduced FAD/NAD/(more protons) move across inner mitochondrial membrane More ATP produced More electrons moving down ETC |
Explain why less energy is released in anaerobic respiration (1) | Glucose only partly broken down/broken down to lactate |
At the end of a sprint race, a runner continues to breathe rapidly for some time. Explain the advantage of this. (2) | Lactate built up Oxygen used to break down lactate/convert it back to pyruvate |
Respiration Experiment State how temperature could be controlled | Using a water bath |
Respiration Experiment State how pH could be controlled | Using a buffer solution |
Explain why the scientist adds pyruvate rather than glucose to the isolated mitochondria (2) | Glycolysis occurs in cytoplasm Glycolsis produces pyruvate |
Explain why muscles become fatigued when insufficient oxygen is available (2) | build up / increased concentration of lactate lowers pH / increases H / increases acidity enzymes / named protein inhibited(not denatured) |