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Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive System
This deck covers the key functions, structures, and processes of the male and female reproductive systems, including hormone production, anatomical features, and reproductive processes.
What is the primary function of the male reproductive system?
To produce, maintain, and transport sperm and semen
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What is the primary function of the male reproductive system?
To produce, maintain, and transport sperm and semen
What is the primary function of the female reproductive system?
produce the female egg cells, called the ova or oocytes
In addition to sperm production, what hormone do the testes secrete?
testosterone
What is the name of the pouch of skin and connective tissue that contains the testes?
scrotum
Which two muscles help regulate the temperature of the testes?
cremaster muscle and dartos muscle
Where are sperm produced?
in the testes
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is the primary function of the male reproductive system? | To produce, maintain, and transport sperm and semen |
What is the primary function of the female reproductive system? | produce the female egg cells, called the ova or oocytes |
In addition to sperm production, what hormone do the testes secrete? | testosterone |
What is the name of the pouch of skin and connective tissue that contains the testes? | scrotum |
Which two muscles help regulate the temperature of the testes? | cremaster muscle and dartos muscle |
Where are sperm produced? | in the testes |
Which cells secrete testosterone? | interstitial cells |
What is another name for the ductus deferens? | vas deferens |
Which structure is ligated during a vasectomy? | vas deferens |
What carries structures (such as blood vessels and nerves) to and from the testes? | spermatic cord |
What are the three structures found in the spermatic cord? | external spermatic fascia, cremaster muscle and fascia, and internal spermatic fascia |
What accessory glands are located behind the bladder? | prostate gland |
Which gland forms a ring around the urethra? | prostate |
Which glands are located beneath the prostate within the urogenital diaphragm? | bulbourethral |
In the penis, which structure surrounds the urethra? | Corpus sponglosum |
Which fold of skin surrounds the glans penis? | prepuce (foreskin) |
Which structure are paired dorsal erectile tissues? | corpora cavernosa |
Why is the female's reproductive system more complex than the male's? | because they produce gametes, it is also developed to protect and give nutrients to the developing embryo |
Which organs produce ova, estrogen, and progesterone? | ovarus |
where are the ovaries located? | pelvic cavity |
Which ligament attaches the ovary to the uterus? | ovarian ligament |
Which portion of the ovary does oogenesis occur in: cortex or medulla? | cortex |
When does oogenesis begin in the female? | before birth |
What structure (formerly the corpus hemorrhagicum) produces progesterone and estrogen? | corpus luteum |
What structure carries the ovulated oocyte from the ovary to the uterus? | uterine tube |
Where does fertilization usually occur? | fallopian tube in the oviduct |
Is there any direct contact between the infundibulum and the ovary? | no |
Name the rounded region of the uterus above the opening to the uterine tubes: | fundus |
What is the largest portion of the uterus? | cervix |
Which narrowed uterine structure projects into the vagina? | Isthmus |
What is the thick layer of smooth muscle that is important during childbirth? | myometrium |
What is the innermost layer that lines the uterine cavity? | endometrium |
Name the 10 cm muscular tube that extends from the uterus. | vagina |
What are the recessed areas around the cervix called? | vaginal fortix |
What general term describes the female's external genitalia? | valva (pudendum) |
What structures are paired adipose-containing folds and are the homologues of the male scrotum? | Labia majora |
Which area is enclosed by the labia minora? | vestibule |
What two orifices are contained in the vestibule? | external urethra and vagina |
name the circular pigmented area that surround the nipple. | Areola |
Which structure produces milk in lactating females? | mammary glands |
What do lactiferous ducts expand to form? | nipple |