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AP Calculus AB: 12.2.3 L'Hôpital's Rule and One to the Infinite Power

Mathematics7 CardsCreated 3 months ago

This content focuses on handling the indeterminate form 1 to the infinite power, which arises when a base approaching 1 is raised to an exponent growing without bound. To evaluate such limits, the expression is first rewritten using logarithmic identities.

L’Hôpital’s Rule and One to the Infinite Power

  • Some indeterminate forms have to be transformed before you can apply L’Hôpital’s rule.

  • In order to apply L’Hôpital’s rule to a limit of the form , use the properties of logarithms to rewrite the exponent as a logarithm.

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

L’Hôpital’s Rule and One to the Infinite Power

  • Some indeterminate forms have to be transformed before you can apply L’Hôpital’s rule.

  • In order to apply L’Hôpital’s rule to...

note

  • You may encounter a limit that produces one to the infinite power, , which is another indeterminate form. It could be one, because one to a...

Evaluate limx →0+ (1+3x)^1/2x

e^ 3/2

Evaluate limx→0+ x^x

1

Evaluate lim x→∞ (1+5/x)^x

e^5

Evaluate limx→∞(1+1/x^2)x.

1

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TermDefinition

L’Hôpital’s Rule and One to the Infinite Power

  • Some indeterminate forms have to be transformed before you can apply L’Hôpital’s rule.

  • In order to apply L’Hôpital’s rule to a limit of the form , use the properties of logarithms to rewrite the exponent as a logarithm.

note

  • You may encounter a limit that produces one to the infinite power, , which is another indeterminate form. It could be one, because one to any power is one. Or it could be infinity, because it began as one and a tiny bit more, which grows large when raised to infinity.

  • If you encounter a limit that produces this form, you will need to transform the expression. The key is to raise the number e to the natural log of the expression. This equals the original expression.

  • Once you have transformed the original limit, you can focus on the expression to which e is raised.

  • This new limit does not equal the original limit. It is a
    sub-problem. It produces an indeterminate product, which you must transform into an indeterminate quotient.

  • Now you can use L’Hôpital’s rule. The sub-problem limit equals one.

  • By plugging in the value of the limit into the sub-problem, you can evaluate the original limit. Since e raised to the first power is still e, that’s your answer.

  • Some mathematicians use this limit expression as an alternate definition for e.

Evaluate limx →0+ (1+3x)^1/2x

e^ 3/2

Evaluate limx→0+ x^x

1

Evaluate lim x→∞ (1+5/x)^x

e^5

Evaluate limx→∞(1+1/x^2)x.

1

Evaluate limx→0(1+2x+x^2)1/x

e^ 2