Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /AP® Psychology States of Consciousness Part 4
AP® Psychology States of Consciousness Part 4
This flashcard deck covers key concepts related to psychoactive drugs, including their effects, classifications, and specific examples. It is designed to help students understand the impact of these substances on perception, behavior, and mood.
Chemicals that can pass through the blood-brain barrier into the brain to alter perception, thinking, behavior, and mood are known as __________.
psychoactive drugs
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Chemicals that can pass through the blood-brain barrier into the brain to alter perception, thinking, behavior, and mood are known as __________.
psychoactive drugs
What characterizes psychological dependence?
an intense desire to achieve the drugged state in spite of adverse effects
When does physiological dependence develop?
when changes in brain chemistry from taking a drug necessitate taking the drug again to prevent withdrawal symptoms
Although partly dependent on the environmental stimuli associated with taking the drug, __________ is characterized by decreased responsivity to a drug.
tolerance
A desire to eat more while trying to quit smoking is an example of what?
a withdrawal symptom
What do agonists do?
Agonists act like specific neurotransmitters, copying their functions.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Chemicals that can pass through the blood-brain barrier into the brain to alter perception, thinking, behavior, and mood are known as __________. | psychoactive drugs |
What characterizes psychological dependence? | an intense desire to achieve the drugged state in spite of adverse effects |
When does physiological dependence develop? | when changes in brain chemistry from taking a drug necessitate taking the drug again to prevent withdrawal symptoms |
Although partly dependent on the environmental stimuli associated with taking the drug, __________ is characterized by decreased responsivity to a drug. | tolerance |
A desire to eat more while trying to quit smoking is an example of what? | a withdrawal symptom |
What do agonists do? | Agonists act like specific neurotransmitters, copying their functions. |
What does a chemical antagonist do? | It fits into the receptor site for a neurotransmitter so that the neurotransmitter itself is blocked. |
Which classification of drugs, including sedatives like barbiturates and alcohol, reduces the activity of the central nervous system? | depressants |
Which of the following is not a depressant: alcohol, nicotine, barbiturates, tranquilizers? | nicotine |
Which depressant drug is important due to its ability to reduce anxiety without inducing sleep? | tranquilizers |
Which depressant has its effects on the brain through decreasing dopamine levels? | alcohol |
Which class of drugs, used to treat hyperactivity and narcolepsy, activates motivational centers while reducing inhibitory centers of the central nervous system? | stimulants |
What common stimulant can lead to insomnia? | caffeine |
Name two behavioral effects of amphetamines. | 1. euphoria 2. motor dysfunction (at high doses) |
Which stimulant increases heart rate and blood pressure, and elicits feelings of increased abilities (both mental and social)? | cocaine |
Although the physiological effects of this drug characterize it as a stimulant, it elicits both depressant behavioral effects (such as decreased appetite) and stimulant effects. What is this drug? | nicotine |
Name three effects of the narcotic class of drugs (which includes codeine, heroin, and morphine). | 1. feelings of euphoria 2. pain relief 3. induces sleep |
What are three effects of the hallucinogenic class of drugs? | 1. mood alteration 2. perception distortion 3. evoking sensory images in the absence of sensory input |
What are some characteristics of opiates? | related to opium (derived from poppies); endorphin agonists (kill pain and elevate mood); most physically addictive type of drugs; examples include heroin, morphine, codeine |