Applied Behavior Analysis Improving & Assessing the Quality of Behavioral Management
This set focuses on evaluating behavioral management in ABA, explaining that validity ensures measurements are relevant to the behavior of interest, while accuracy reflects how closely observed values match the true state.
validity
measurement has____ when it yields data that are directly relevant to the phenomenon measured and the reason for measureing
Key Terms
validity
measurement has____ when it yields data that are directly relevant to the phenomenon measured and the reason for measureing
accuracy
to the extent to which the observed value matches the true state
observed value
the quantitative label produced by measuring an event
true value
a measure obtained by procedures that are independent of and different from the procedures that produced the data. Taken all possible efforts to ma...
measurement bias
nonrandom measurement error
-error in measurement that is likely to be in one direction...
reliablility
measurement procedure yields the same value when brought into repeated contact then the same state of nature
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
validity | measurement has____ when it yields data that are directly relevant to the phenomenon measured and the reason for measureing |
accuracy | to the extent to which the observed value matches the true state |
observed value | the quantitative label produced by measuring an event |
true value | a measure obtained by procedures that are independent of and different from the procedures that produced the data. Taken all possible efforts to make sure errors are avoided or removed. |
measurement bias | nonrandom measurement error -error in measurement that is likely to be in one direction |
reliablility | measurement procedure yields the same value when brought into repeated contact then the same state of nature |
direct measurement | occurs when the phenomenon that is the focus of the experiment in the same as the phenomenon being measured |
indirect measurement | occurs when what is actually measured is in some way different from the target BX of interest |
continuous measurement | measurement conducted in a manner such that all instances of the response class of interest are detected during an observation |
discontinous measurement | any form of measurement in which some instances of the response class of interest may not be detected |
observer drift | observes alter, unknowingly the way they apply a measurement system |
naive observer | a trained observer who is unaware of the study’s purpose and/or the experimental conditions in effect during or given phase or observation period |
observer reactivity | measurement error resulting from an observers awareness that others are evaluating the data he reports. |
calibration | when measurement error is consistent in direction and value, the data can be adjusted to compensate for the error |
interobserver agreement (IOA) | refers to the degree to which 2 or more independent observers report the same observed values after measuring the same events. |
believability | consumers judge that the data is trustworthy and deserving of interpretation |
total count IOA | expressed by percentage of agreement between the total number of responses recorded by 2 observers and is calculated by dividing the smaller of the counts by the larger count and multiply by 100. |
mean count- per- interval IOA | look up formula |
exact count per interval | the percentage of total intervals in which 2 observers recorded the same count look up formula |
trial by trial IOA | more conservative and meaningful |
total duration IOA | computed by dividing the shorter of the 2 durations reported by the observers by the longer duration + ,multiply by 100 |
mean duration per occurrence IOA | conservative and usually more meaningful assessment of IOA look up formula |
interval by interval IOA | primary observer's record for each interval is matched to the secondary observers record for the same interval number of interval agreed # of intervals agree =# of intervals disagreed x 100 |
scored interval IOA | only intervals in which either or both observers recorded the occurrence of the target behavior are used when calculating |
unscored interval IOA | only interval in which either or both observers recorded the non-occurrence of the target BX are considered |