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AQA Psychology - Research Methods - Experimental Design

Psychology14 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

You control extraneous variables to ensure that the results of an experiment reflect a true cause-and-effect relationship between the independent and dependent variables, rather than being influenced by other factors.

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What is experimental designs?

How to allocate your participants to different conditions

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

What is experimental designs?

How to allocate your participants to different conditions

What are the three experimental design?

  • Independent groups

  • Repeated measures

  • Matched pairs

Describe the independent measure:

  • Recruit group of participants

  • Randomly allocate to conditions

  • Measure the DV for each group

  • Co...

Strengths of independent measures:

  • No order effects
    - Reduced demand characteristics

Limitations of independent measures:

  • Participant variables
    - More participants needed

Describe the repeated measures:

  • Recruit a group of participants

  • Does condition one, then conditions two

  • Compare the results for the two condi...

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AQA Psychology - Research Methods - Experimental Design
TermDefinition

What is experimental designs?

How to allocate your participants to different conditions

What are the three experimental design?

  • Independent groups

  • Repeated measures

  • Matched pairs

Describe the independent measure:

  • Recruit group of participants

  • Randomly allocate to conditions

  • Measure the DV for each group

  • Compare the results for the two groups

Strengths of independent measures:

  • No order effects
    - Reduced demand characteristics

Limitations of independent measures:

  • Participant variables
    - More participants needed

Describe the repeated measures:

  • Recruit a group of participants

  • Does condition one, then conditions two

  • Compare the results for the two conditions

Strengths of repeated measures:

  • Reduced participant variables
    - Fewer participants

Limitations of repeated measures:

  • Order effect e.g boredom
    - Rise in demand characteristics

How to eliminate limitations of independent measures?

Randomly allocated to conditions to avoid bias

How to eliminate limitation of repeated measures?

  • Counterbalancing
    - Single blind technique

Describe the matched pairs:

  • Recruit a group of participants

  • Find there personality

  • Find similar people

  • Pair them together

  • Separate them into each condition

  • Compare the results of the matched pairs

Strengths of the matched pairs:

  • Participant variable reduced
    - No order effect

Limitations of the matched pairs:

  • Matching is not perfect

  • More participants required

  • Time consuming

How to eliminate limitations of matched pairs?

  • Use identical twins in different conditions
    - Already closely matched