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AQA Psychology - Research Methods - Probability and Significance

Psychology10 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

Probability is a measure of the likelihood that a particular event will occur, where 0 means the event is statistically impossible and 1 means it is statistically certain to happen.

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What does probability mean?

Measure of likelihood that a particular event will occur where 0 indicates statistically impossible and 1 statistically certainty

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

What does probability mean?

Measure of likelihood that a particular event will occur where 0 indicates statistically impossible and 1 statistically certainty

What does significance mean?

Statistical term that tells how difference or correlation exists

What does a significant result mean?

Reject the null hypothesis

What is critical value?

The numerical boundary between acceptance and rejection of the null hypothesis

What is a type 1 error?

  • The incorrect rejection of true null hypothesis (false positive)

  • Too lenient

What is a type 2 error?

  • The failure to reject a false null hypothesis (a false negative)

  • Too strict

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AQA Psychology - Research Methods - Probability and Significance
TermDefinition

What does probability mean?

Measure of likelihood that a particular event will occur where 0 indicates statistically impossible and 1 statistically certainty

What does significance mean?

Statistical term that tells how difference or correlation exists

What does a significant result mean?

Reject the null hypothesis

What is critical value?

The numerical boundary between acceptance and rejection of the null hypothesis

What is a type 1 error?

  • The incorrect rejection of true null hypothesis (false positive)

  • Too lenient

What is a type 2 error?

  • The failure to reject a false null hypothesis (a false negative)

  • Too strict

What is the null hypothesis?

States there is ‘no difference’ between the condition

What does the statistical test determines?

Hypothesis is ‘true’ and thus whether we accept or reject the null hypothesis

What is the usual significance used in psychology?

0.05 or 5%

How do you know when a statistical test is significant or not?

The rule of R
-The statistical test with the letter ‘R’ in the name the calculated value must be equal to or more than the critical value