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ATI TEAS 2024-2025 Part 4 Flashcards
This deck covers key concepts and definitions for the ATI TEAS 2024-2025 exam, focusing on biological and chemical terms.
Bacteria
Unicellular organisms that are capable of causing disease.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Bacteria
Unicellular organisms that are capable of causing disease.
Ball-and-socket joints
Point of articulation that allows for abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation. The hip socket is one example of a ball and socket joint.
Base
A substance with a pH greater than 7
Bolus
A mass of food that has been chewed and swallowed.
Bone
Hard, calcified material that makes up the skeleton.
Bone marrow
A soft material within spongy bone and medullary cavity of long bones.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Bacteria | Unicellular organisms that are capable of causing disease. |
Ball-and-socket joints | Point of articulation that allows for abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation. The hip socket is one example of a ball and socket joint. |
Base | A substance with a pH greater than 7 |
Bolus | A mass of food that has been chewed and swallowed. |
Bone | Hard, calcified material that makes up the skeleton. |
Bone marrow | A soft material within spongy bone and medullary cavity of long bones. |
Brittle bone disease (osteogenesis imperfecta) | A group of diseases that affect collagen and result in fragile bones. |
Bronchioles | Small passages in the lungs that connect bronchi to alveoli. |
Buffer | A solution of a weak and it's conjugate base or a weak base and it's conjugate acid. |
______ maintain the proper pH of the body. | Buffer |
Capillaries | Small vessels that connect smaller arteries, called arterioles, to smaller veins, called venules, and carry out gas exchange. |
Carbohydrates | Sugars and starched, which the body breaks down into glucose. |
Cardiac muscle | Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart. Cardiovascular system. The system comprised of the heart and blood vessels. |
Cartilage | The primary structural protein of connective tissue. |
Catalyst | a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing permanent chemical change by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. |
Cation | A positively charged ion. |
Cells | The basic structural unit of an organism from which living things are created. |
Central nervous system | The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and the spinal cord and acts as the command center for all communications and actions of the body. |
Ceruminous glands | Accessory structures that produce ear wax. They are found only in the dermis of the ear canal. |
Cervix | The passage that forms the lower part of the uterus. |
Chemical (enzymatic) digestion | the breakdown of food by enzymes for absorption. |
Chemical equation | Mathematical representation of a chemical reaction. |
Chromatid | One of the two duplicates of a chromosome formed during the cell cycle. |
Chromosome | A structure made of protein and one molecule of DNA that contains genetic information. |
Chyme | The semifluid mass of perky digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine. |
Codons | Triplets of nucleotides that code for amino acids. |
Cohesion | The tendency of similar molecules to stick to each other or group together. |
Collagen | The primary structural protein of connective tissue. |
Commensal microorganisms | Microscopic organisms that live in or on the human body without causing it harm. |
Compact (dense) bone | Bone containing densely packed osteons that make up the peripheral layer of bone. |
Complementary strand | A molecule of RNA (or a strand of DNA) synthesized from a complementary template strand. |
Compound | A made of two or more elements. |
Concentration of solution | The quantity of solute in a given quantity solution. |
Contraction | The process of leading to shortening and/ or development of tension in a muscle. |
Conversion factor | The number used to multiply or divide to convert from one value to another. |
Covalent bond | A chemical bond in which electron pairs are shared between atoms. |
Cubic units | United used to measure volume. One cubic unit is the volume of a cube with sides that measure 1 unit. |
Cutaneous vasoconstriction | A decrease in the diameter of blood vessels in the dermis that reduces blood flow through the skin. |
Cytokines | Cell signaling molecules released primarily by helper T cells and macrophages. Certain cytokines activate cytotoxic T cells. |
Cytoplasm | the material within a eukaryotic cell that supports and suspends structures inside the cell membrane and transfers materials required for cellular processes. |