Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /ATI TEAS 2024-2025 Part 9 Flashcards
ATI TEAS 2024-2025 Part 9 Flashcards
This flashcard deck covers key terms and concepts from the ATI TEAS 2024-2025 Part 9, including biological processes, anatomical structures, and chemical reactions.
Pleura
A membrane around the lungs and inside the chest cavity.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Pleura
A membrane around the lungs and inside the chest cavity.
Polymer
A substance composed of similar units bonded together.
Polysaccharides
Carbohydrate polymers made of many sugar molecules.
Positive feedback
A mechanism that stimulates glandular secretions to continue to increase, temporary early, pushing levels further out of homeostasis, until a particul...
Prime mover
The contracting muscle, in the pair of muscles that is involved in a given movement; also called the agonist.
Products
In a chemical equation, the substances on the right side of the equation; the substances that are formed in a chemical reaction.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Pleura | A membrane around the lungs and inside the chest cavity. |
Polymer | A substance composed of similar units bonded together. |
Polysaccharides | Carbohydrate polymers made of many sugar molecules. |
Positive feedback | A mechanism that stimulates glandular secretions to continue to increase, temporary early, pushing levels further out of homeostasis, until a particular biological affect is reached. (e.g. expulsion of the fetus during childbirth) |
Prime mover | The contracting muscle, in the pair of muscles that is involved in a given movement; also called the agonist. |
Products | In a chemical equation, the substances on the right side of the equation; the substances that are formed in a chemical reaction. |
Prophase | The stage in mitosis in which chromosomes condense in preparation for being pulled apart. |
Prophase 1 | The stage and meiosis 1 in which chromosomes, condense and form homologous pairs. |
Prophase 2 | The stage and meiosis 2 in which chromosomes in the haploid daughter cells condense. |
Prostate | The gland in males that controls the release of urine and secretes a portion of semen that enhances motility and fertility of sperm. |
Proteins | Molecules composed of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. |
Proton | A positively charged atomic particle. |
Protozoans/protists | Unicellular eukaryotes. They are the largest group of organisms in the world in terms of numbers, biomass, and diversity. |
Proximal tubule | The first location where glucose and other useful solutes are reabsorbed back into the blood through the walls of surrounding capillaries. It connects the Bowmans capsule to the loop of Henle. |
Puberty | A psychological period In which changes in hormone levels, cause a general 'growth, spurt' and develop of secondary sex characteristics. |
Punnet square | A square diagram used to determine the various genotype combinations that may be passed from parent to offspring and their likelihood of occurring. |
Reactants | In a chemical equation, the substances on the left side of the equation; the starting materials in a chemical reaction. |
Recessive | Refers to traits that are masked, if dominant alleles are also present; also refers to the allele for that trait. |
Rectum | The last section of the large intestine, ending with the anus. |
Reference planes | Planes dividing the body to describe locations: sagittal, coronal, and transverse. |
Releasing hormones | Chemical messengers that stimulate the production of certain hormones. |
Renal arteries | The two branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys. |
Renal cortex | The outer layer of the kidney. |
Renal medulla | The innermost part of the kidney. |
Renal vein | A vein carrying blood from a kidney to the inferior vena cava. |
Renin | An enzyme released by the kidney when reduce blood pressure is detected by Bara receptors in aorta in carotid arteries. |
Rheumatoid arthritis | A progressive auto immune disease that causes joint inflammation and pain. |
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) | An important, biological macromolecule that is present in all cells and controls the intermediate steps involved in protein synthesis. |
Ribosome | A protein-RNA complex that is the site of protein synthesis. |
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | A cell organelle containing ribosomes, that synthesizes and processes proteins in the cell. |
Salt | A chemical compound formed from the reaction of an acid with the base, with at least part of the hydrogen of the acid replaced by a cation. |
Sarcomere | Contracting a unit of a muscle. |
Saturated solutions | Hey solution containing the maximum possible amount of solute. |
Scrotum | The pouch of skin that contains the testicles. |
Sebaceous glands | Accessory structures originating in the dermis that secretes sebum onto hair, emerging from the hair follicle. |
Short bones | Bones that are similar in both length and width, such as those found in the wrist. They have a limited articulation with each other as a gliding joints. |
Skeletal system | The system of bones in the body that provides protection for delicate organs, and serves as the scaffold against which muscles pull for movement. It has three main functions: movement, protection, and storage of minerals and fat. |
Small intestine | The part of the G.I. tract between the stomach and large intestine that includes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, where digestion and absorption of food occurs. |
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | A cell organelle that synthesizes in concentrates lipids in the cell; does not contain ribosomes. |
Smooth muscle | Muscle that can be found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach and intestines. |