Back to AI Flashcard MakerBiology /ATI TEAS 2024-2025 Part 5 Flashcard
Cytotoxic T cells
The category of lymphocyte that attacks foreign cells.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Cytotoxic T cells
The category of lymphocyte that attacks foreign cells.
Dehydration reaction
A chemical reaction between two molecules in which a water molecule is released and a covalent bond forms; often requires an input of energy; polymers...
Dendrite
A nerve fiber that carries a nerve impulse towards the neuron cell body.
Density
The ratio of mass to volume.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
The material that contains genetic information and is responsible for directing protein synthesis in living organisms.
Deoxyribose sugar
The sugar portion of deoxyribose nucleotide.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Cytotoxic T cells | The category of lymphocyte that attacks foreign cells. |
Dehydration reaction | A chemical reaction between two molecules in which a water molecule is released and a covalent bond forms; often requires an input of energy; polymers are built as a result of this reaction. |
Dendrite | A nerve fiber that carries a nerve impulse towards the neuron cell body. |
Density | The ratio of mass to volume. |
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | The material that contains genetic information and is responsible for directing protein synthesis in living organisms. |
Deoxyribose sugar | The sugar portion of deoxyribose nucleotide. |
Diabetes | Pathologically high blood sugar levels that result from a pancreatic hormone regulation malfunction. |
Diffusion | The passive movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
Dihybrid cross | A cross between parents heterozygous at two specific genes. |
Dilution | The addition of solvent to decrease the concentration of solute in a solution. |
Direct variation | When two variables increase or decrease at the same rate. |
Disease | A condition that deteriorates the normal functioning of the cells, tissues, and/ or organs. |
Dominant | Refers to the most powerful trait of the allele for that trait. |
Eccrine sweat glands | Accessory structures originating throughout the dermis of the human body that secrete sweat, used primarily for regulation of body temperature. |
Electron | A negatively charged atomic particle. |
Element | Evidence generated through experimentation. |
Endocrine gland | A gland that secretes hormones. A duct-less gland. |
Endothermic | Involving absorption of heat. |
Enzyme | A substance produced by a living thing that acts as a catalyst. A catalyst that speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy; in cells most enzymes are proteins. |
Epinephrine | A polar, water-soluble hormone released by the adrenals in response to stress. Also known as adrenaline |
Equilibrium | The stage of a chemical reaction in which both reactants and products are present and their concentrations no longer change. |
Estrogen | A female sex hormone released by the ovaries. |
Excretion | Elimination of metabolic waste of the body. |
Exothermic | Involving release of heat. |
Fallopian tubes | Tubes that carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. |
Fatty acid | A molecule composed of a long hydrocarbon chain with a carboxylic acid group on one end. |
Fertilization (conception) | The fusion of the egg and sperm. |
Filtrate | Materials, including water, that leave the blood through the walls of the glomerular capillaries to enter the Bowman's capsule. |
Flat bones | Thin bones that have a plate like shape, such as bones of the cranium. |
Follicle | Saclike structure that contains and allows for mature ration of the female ovum (egg) within the ovary. |
Follicle-stimulating hormone | A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates development of eggs and ovaries in sperm in testes. |
Fungi | Eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients by absorbing organic material from their environment (decomposers) through symbiotic relationships with plants or harmful relationships with a host. |
Gamete | Sex cell; in males, the sperm, and females the eggs (ova) |
Gene | A sequence of DNA that is the basic unit of heredity. |
Genetic code | The set of 64 codons that specify the 20 amino acids. |
Genome | The genetic makeup of an individual. |
Gigantism | Excessive growth resulting from overproduction of growth hormone. |
Glomerulus | A network of capillaries, from which blood pressure pushes water, salt, glucose, amino acids, and urea from the blood. |
Glucagon | A hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates it's target cells in the liver to convert hepatic, glycogen stores into glucose and release that glucose into the blood. |
Glycerol | A sugar compound that serves as the backbone for triglycerides and phospholipids. |