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Behavioral Neuroscience Powerpoint Terms 3 Again

Psychology22 CardsCreated about 2 months ago

This deck covers key terms and concepts from a Behavioral Neuroscience Powerpoint, focusing on the forebrain, cerebral cortex, research methods, and more.

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The forebrain- the limbic system

  • Consists of a number of other interlinked structures that form a border around the b……..

  • includes the o…….. B…, h……….., h………., a……., and c…….. G…. Of the cerebral cortex

-associated with motivation emotions such as:
E….., d……., s….. A……., a……, and a………

  • Consists of a number of other interlinked structures that form a border around the brainstem

  • includes the olfactory Bulb, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and cingulate Gyrus Of the cerebral cortex

-associated with motivation emotions such as:
Eating, drinking, sexual activity, anxiety, and aggression

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

The forebrain- the limbic system

  • Consists of a number of other interlinked structures that form a border around the b……..

  • includes the o…….. B…, h……….., h………., a……., and c…….. G…. Of the cerebral cortex

-associated with motivation emotions such as:
E….., d……., s….. A……., a……, and a………

  • Consists of a number of other interlinked structures that form a border around the brainstem

  • includes the olfactory Bulb, hy...

The forebrain- subcortical regions

Structures underneath the cortex
-thalamus:

-hypothalamus:

The hypothalamus and the thalamus together form the “diencephalon”

The forebrain- subcortical regions

Structures underneath the cortex
-thalamus: relay sta...

The forebrain- the pituitary gland and basal ganglia

  • Pituitary gland

  • basal ganglia: comprises the caudate n……, the p.. Amen, and the g….. Pallidus

Associated with: planning of m…. M……., and with aspects of memory and emotional expression

Also important for a…….., l……., p……., and other cognitive functions

Pituitary gland:
-hormone producing gland found at the base of the hypothalamus

Basal ga...

The forebrain- the basal forebrain

Composed of several structures that lie on the d….. Surface of the forebrain

Contains the n…… Basalis
-gets input from the h……….. And the b…. G……

  • sends axons that release acetylcholine to the c……. C…..

  • important in a……, w………., and a……..

Composed of several structures that lie on the dorsal Surface of the forebrain

Contains the...

The forebrain- hippocampus

Is critical for..?

Where is it at?
Toward the ……… Portion of the forebrain

Critical for storing certain types of memory, (new events)

Toward the posterior portion of ...

The ventricles

-four fluid filled cavities in the brains central canal containing c………… Fluid

-csf is: a clear fluid found….?
Provides what for the brain?
Reservoir of what?

-four fluid filled cavities in the brains central canal containing cerebrospinal Fluid

-csf...

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Behavioral Neuroscience Powerpoint Terms 3 Again
TermDefinition

The forebrain- the limbic system

  • Consists of a number of other interlinked structures that form a border around the b……..

  • includes the o…….. B…, h……….., h………., a……., and c…….. G…. Of the cerebral cortex

-associated with motivation emotions such as:
E….., d……., s….. A……., a……, and a………

  • Consists of a number of other interlinked structures that form a border around the brainstem

  • includes the olfactory Bulb, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and cingulate Gyrus Of the cerebral cortex

-associated with motivation emotions such as:
Eating, drinking, sexual activity, anxiety, and aggression

The forebrain- subcortical regions

Structures underneath the cortex
-thalamus:

-hypothalamus:

The hypothalamus and the thalamus together form the “diencephalon”

The forebrain- subcortical regions

Structures underneath the cortex
-thalamus: relay station from the sensory organs; main source of input to the cortex

  • hypothalamus: small area near the base

  • conveys messages to the pituitary gland to alter the release of hormones

  • associated with behaviors such as eating, drinking, sexual behavior, and other motivated behaviors

The forebrain- the pituitary gland and basal ganglia

  • Pituitary gland

  • basal ganglia: comprises the caudate n……, the p.. Amen, and the g….. Pallidus

Associated with: planning of m…. M……., and with aspects of memory and emotional expression

Also important for a…….., l……., p……., and other cognitive functions

Pituitary gland:
-hormone producing gland found at the base of the hypothalamus

Basal ganglia:
-comprises the caudate nucleus, the put amen, and the globus pallidus

Associated with: planning of motor movement, and with aspects of memory and emotional expression

Also important for attention, language, planning, and other cognitive functions

The forebrain- the basal forebrain

Composed of several structures that lie on the d….. Surface of the forebrain

Contains the n…… Basalis
-gets input from the h……….. And the b…. G……

  • sends axons that release acetylcholine to the c……. C…..

  • important in a……, w………., and a……..

Composed of several structures that lie on the dorsal Surface of the forebrain

Contains the nucleus Basalis
-gets input from the hypothalamus And the basal ganglia

  • sends axons that release acetylcholine to the cerebral cortex

  • important in arousal, wakefulness, and attention

The forebrain- hippocampus

Is critical for..?

Where is it at?
Toward the ……… Portion of the forebrain

Critical for storing certain types of memory, (new events)

Toward the posterior portion of the forebrain

Large structure between the thalamus and cerebral cortex

The ventricles

-four fluid filled cavities in the brains central canal containing c………… Fluid

-csf is: a clear fluid found….?
Provides what for the brain?
Reservoir of what?

-four fluid filled cavities in the brains central canal containing cerebrospinal Fluid

-csf is: a clear fluid found in the brain and spinal cord
Provides “cushioning” for the brain
Reservoir of hormones and nutrition for the brain and spinal cord

Helps maintain brain shape

The meninges

Membranes that surround what?

  • contain what?

  • meningitis is the inflammation of..?

  • swollen blood vessels in the meninges Are the cause of what?

Membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

  • *contains pain receptors

  • inflammation of meninges

  • cause of migraine headaches

The cerebral cortex

Consists of the c……. L….. On the outer surface of the cerebral hemisphere

  • divided into how many parts?

  • joined by what?

**more highly developed in human species!!

Consists of the cellular Layers On the outer surface of the cerebral hemisphere

Divided into two halves

Joined by corpus Callosum
-two bundles of axons

Organization of the cerebral cortex

Contains up to how many laminae (layers) that are parallel to the surface of the cortex?

Cells of the cortex are also divided into c…… That lay perpendicular to the laminae

6; Columns

What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex?

Occipital

  • known as the striate cortex or primary visual cortex

  • located at the posterior end of the cortex

Parietal

  • contains postcentral gyrus (primary somatosensory cortex)

  • also responsible for processing and integrating information about the eye, head, and body positions from info sent from muscles and joints

  • spatial information!! Counting on fingers

Temporal

  • essential for processing spoken language

  • also responsible for complex vision and some emotional behavior

  • klüver-bucy syndrome

Frontal lobe

  • contains prefrontal cortex(center for sensory information) and precentral gyrus(primary motor cortex)

  • awareness of social norms

The prefrontal cortex is responsible for:

Higher functions such as..?

People with damage here exhibit a what?

Abstract thinking and planning
Working memory

Delayed response task

Prefrontal lobotomy

1940-50s

Surgical disconnection of the prefrontal cortex

Left patients withy apathy, lack of planning ability, memory disorders, and lack of emotional expression

Binding problem

A person can..?

Perceive two sensations as happening at the same time and in the same place

Ventriloquist

Research methods

Main categories include those who try to:

1) examine the effects of …?
2) examine the effects of stimulating a..?
3) record brain activity during?
4) correlate brain anatomy with?

1) brain damage
2) brain area
3) brain activity during behavior
4) brain anatomy with behavior

Stereotaxic instrument

Used to damage structures in the interior of the brain

Transcranial magnetic stimulation can mimic what?
Brain damage
EEG; Records e……… Activity produced by various brain regions; Considered to be crude in Measuring brain activity
Electrical
MEG • Similar to EEG but measures faint m……. Fields generated by brain activity instead • how cells change because of activity; PET; - records emission of R………… From injected R………. C…….. To produce a high resolution image
Magnetic; Radioact, chemicals
Phrenology
Process of relating skull anatomy to behavior
Correlating brain anatomy with behavior; Modern methods; Identify peculiar behaviors and look for abnormal brain structures or function; Abnormal brain structures can be identified using..?(2)
CAT or MRI
CAT • inject what into the blood and a pass X-ray through the head • used to identify what MRI - apply a powerful what to image the brain
Dye, tumors and abnormalities; Magnetic field
IQ is correlated with the amount of what brain matter?
Grey