Back to AI Flashcard MakerBiology /BIO 1B Lab 2: Darwinian Snails - Part 2
What happens in transcription?
RNA polymerase makes a copy of template DNA(mRNA) starting at the promoter region and ending at a stop codon
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What happens in transcription?
RNA polymerase makes a copy of template DNA(mRNA) starting at the promoter region and ending at a stop codon
What happens during translation?
Ribosome translates mRNA into amino acid sequence
Proteins that bind to a regulatory regions of DNA, and can turn all bound sequences on or off simultaneously are called?
Transcription factors
__________ bind to the surface of a cell, trigger a cascade that ultimately affects gene expression
Hormones
What does alternative splicing mean?
Different subsets of exons combines to produce different proteins
Any change in an organism's genomic sequence is called?
Mutation
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What happens in transcription? | RNA polymerase makes a copy of template DNA(mRNA) starting at the promoter region and ending at a stop codon |
What happens during translation? | Ribosome translates mRNA into amino acid sequence |
Proteins that bind to a regulatory regions of DNA, and can turn all bound sequences on or off simultaneously are called? | Transcription factors |
__________ bind to the surface of a cell, trigger a cascade that ultimately affects gene expression | Hormones |
What does alternative splicing mean? | Different subsets of exons combines to produce different proteins |
Any change in an organism's genomic sequence is called? | Mutation |
Mutations are __________ with respect to the environment. | Random |
What are the 6 types of mutations? | Point mutation, insertion, deletion, inversion, chromosome fusion, genome duplication |
Is it possible for the whole genome to be replicated in humans? | Very rare, but if did happen, the individual would die. |
The change in amino acids sequence of proteins is called? | Coding region |
The change in binding of a transcription factor alters timing, level, or location of expression is called? | Cis-regulatory |
Where do mutations that alter where, when, or how much of hormone signal is produced? | Physiological pathway |
Germline mutations happen during _______. | Meiosis |
Somatic mutations happen during ______. | Mitosis |
What is the exchange of genetic material between paired chromosomes during meiosis? | Genetic recombination |
The different members of homologous chromosome pairs end up in different gametes resulting in novel combinations of alleles is called? | Independent assortment |
Why should both independent assortment and recombination improve the efficiency of evolution by natural selection? | It can happen a lot faster when there is independent assortment. Because the more variation the better |
The genetic make up of an individual is called? | Genotype |
The observable and characteristic of an organism is called? | Phenotype |
Does natural selection act on genotypes or phenotypes? | Phenotypes |
The simulataneous occurence of two discrete phenotypes is called? | Genetic polymorphism |
The measureable phenotype that varies among individuals over a given range to produce a continuous distribution of phenotypes is called? | Quantitative traits |
Most traits are influenced by both ______ and ___________ effects | Genetic, environmental |
You are studying snails and find that individuals have shells that either coil to the right or the left. Which of the following is/ are the most plausible explanation for this variation? | D |