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Bio 201 Lab Quiz 4 Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology10 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key genetic concepts and scenarios from a Bio 201 lab quiz, focusing on alleles, dominance, and inheritance patterns.

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Suppose a gene has two alleles, one of which is dominant over the other. An individual whose genotype is homozygous for the dominant allele has which of the following? A. Two copies of the allele that determines phenotype whenever the allele is present B. Two copies of the allele whose effect is hidden unless the other allele is absent C. One copy of the allele that determines phenotype when present and one copy of the other allele D. One copy of each of two alleles that both contribute equally to determining phenotype

B. Two copies of the allele whose effect is hidden unless the other allele is absent
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Term
Definition
Suppose a gene has two alleles, one of which is dominant over the other. An individual whose genotype is homozygous for the dominant allele has which of the following? A. Two copies of the allele that determines phenotype whenever the allele is present B. Two copies of the allele whose effect is hidden unless the other allele is absent C. One copy of the allele that determines phenotype when present and one copy of the other allele D. One copy of each of two alleles that both contribute equally to determining phenotype
B. Two copies of the allele whose effect is hidden unless the other allele is absent
Pigeons have two alleles of a single gene that determines whether they have feathers on their lower legs. The alleles are called no grouse (associated with the featherless phenotype) and grouse (associated with feathery legs). Suppose a pigeon that is homozygous for the no grouse allele mates with a heterozygous pigeon. What is the expected frequency of the homozygous no grouse GENOTYPE in the offspring? A. 0% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%
A. 0%
Pigeons have two alleles of a single gene that determines whether they have feathers on their lower legs. The alleles are called no grouse (associated with the featherless phenotype) and grouse (associated with feathery legs). The no grouse allele is dominant over the grouse allele. If a pigeons homozygous for the no grouse allele mates with the heterozygous pigeon, what is the expected frequency of the feathery-legged (grouse) PHENOTYPE in the offspring? A. 0% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%
A. 0%
In a certain species of flowering plants, the allele for red petal color is dominant and allele for white petal is recessive. If you mated a homozygous red flower with homozygous white flower, what would expect the offspring to look like ?
All offspring will have red petals.
A scientist came across two populations of beetle species, each pure-breeding. One population was all red in color; the other was all black. The scientist mated one red beetle with one black beetle, and the offspring were all red. What is the dominance relationship between the two alleles? A. Black is dominant over red. B. Red is dominant over black. C. Black and red are codominant. D. More crosses are needed to determine the dominance relationship.
B. Red is dominant over black.
Imagine a species whose eye color is determined by a receptor molecule called EyeC. When EyeC is not activate, cAMP levels in the cell are low and blue pigment is produced. When EyeC is activated by the binding of a single molecule, cAMP levels rise and yellow pigment is produced. The P allele codes for a version of EyeC that responds to signal molecules and therefore turns on and off, resulting in green eye color (from both blue and yellow pigment). The Q allele codes for a version of EyeC that is ALWAYS activated, even when signal molecules are not present. Assuming EyeC functions similar to MC1R, which of the following statements is the best prediction of the dominance relationship between allele P and Q as well as the phenotype for PQ individuals ?
Q is dominant over P, and the eye color of PQ individuals is yellow.
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Bio 201 Lab Quiz 4 Flashcards
TermDefinition
Suppose a gene has two alleles, one of which is dominant over the other. An individual whose genotype is homozygous for the dominant allele has which of the following? A. Two copies of the allele that determines phenotype whenever the allele is present B. Two copies of the allele whose effect is hidden unless the other allele is absent C. One copy of the allele that determines phenotype when present and one copy of the other allele D. One copy of each of two alleles that both contribute equally to determining phenotype
B. Two copies of the allele whose effect is hidden unless the other allele is absent
Pigeons have two alleles of a single gene that determines whether they have feathers on their lower legs. The alleles are called no grouse (associated with the featherless phenotype) and grouse (associated with feathery legs). Suppose a pigeon that is homozygous for the no grouse allele mates with a heterozygous pigeon. What is the expected frequency of the homozygous no grouse GENOTYPE in the offspring? A. 0% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%
A. 0%
Pigeons have two alleles of a single gene that determines whether they have feathers on their lower legs. The alleles are called no grouse (associated with the featherless phenotype) and grouse (associated with feathery legs). The no grouse allele is dominant over the grouse allele. If a pigeons homozygous for the no grouse allele mates with the heterozygous pigeon, what is the expected frequency of the feathery-legged (grouse) PHENOTYPE in the offspring? A. 0% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%
A. 0%
In a certain species of flowering plants, the allele for red petal color is dominant and allele for white petal is recessive. If you mated a homozygous red flower with homozygous white flower, what would expect the offspring to look like ?
All offspring will have red petals.
A scientist came across two populations of beetle species, each pure-breeding. One population was all red in color; the other was all black. The scientist mated one red beetle with one black beetle, and the offspring were all red. What is the dominance relationship between the two alleles? A. Black is dominant over red. B. Red is dominant over black. C. Black and red are codominant. D. More crosses are needed to determine the dominance relationship.
B. Red is dominant over black.
Imagine a species whose eye color is determined by a receptor molecule called EyeC. When EyeC is not activate, cAMP levels in the cell are low and blue pigment is produced. When EyeC is activated by the binding of a single molecule, cAMP levels rise and yellow pigment is produced. The P allele codes for a version of EyeC that responds to signal molecules and therefore turns on and off, resulting in green eye color (from both blue and yellow pigment). The Q allele codes for a version of EyeC that is ALWAYS activated, even when signal molecules are not present. Assuming EyeC functions similar to MC1R, which of the following statements is the best prediction of the dominance relationship between allele P and Q as well as the phenotype for PQ individuals ?
Q is dominant over P, and the eye color of PQ individuals is yellow.
A large sunflower population is established in a field. The flowers mate randomly, and all individual are equally likely to survive and reproduce. In this population, 60% of the allele of a gene for petal color are dominant and 40% of the allele are recessive. Given this information, after many generations, which of the following options would be most likely?
The allele frequencies will be 60% dominant and 40% recessive.
A lizard population has two alleles for horn length. Long horns help protect the lizard from predation by birds. Homozygotes with allele 1 have long horns, while homozygotes with allele 2 have short horns. Given this information, which of the following is most likely true about the mode of inheritance for allele 1, and why?
It is impossible to say because dominance cannot be inferred from fitness.
The allele for black noses in wolves s dominant over the allele for brown noses. There is no known selective advantage for one nose color over another in wolves. If this remain true, which of the following statements is most likely TRUE about the change of wolf nose color over many generations?
Black nose will stay about the same frequency as now.
A large population of land turtles on an isolated island has two alleles for a gene that determines shell thickness. The allele for thinner shell is dominant over the allele for thicker shells. The thinner-shell allele occurs at a frequency of 20%. Assuming there is no net advantage to thick or thin shells, what should the frequency of homozygous thicker-shell turtles be in the population?
64%