StudyXY
RegisterLog in
Back to AI Flashcard MakerBiology /Biology - Chapter 8.1 - Outline of the Nervous System Part 1

Biology - Chapter 8.1 - Outline of the Nervous System Part 1

Biology14 CardsCreated 4 months ago

A flashcard deck covering the main divisions and organs of the nervous system, parts of a neuron, types of neurons, differences between gray and white matter, and the autonomic nervous system.

PrintEmbedImportReport

What are the main divisions of the nervous system?

Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.

Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/14

Key Terms

Term
Definition

What are the main divisions of the nervous system?

Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.

What organs belong to the central nervous system?

Brain and spinal cord.

What organs belong to the peripheral nervous system?

The nerves that branch from the brain and spinal cord (cranial nerves and spinal nerves).

Identify the main parts of a neuron.

Cell body, dendrites and axon.

What is the function of the cell body?

Contains the cell's nucleus and most of the cytoplasm.

What is the function of the dendrites?

Receives the nerve impulses from other neurons and conducts them toward the cell body.

Log in to view all terms

Related Flashcard Decks

Biology

A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 3 - Ethics and Deviance in Sport

These flashcards describe key performance-enhancing methods, including blood doping—a technique used to increase red blood cell count and oxygen-carrying capacity, commonly by endurance athletes—and anabolic steroids, which boost strength, aggression, and training capacity. They highlight how these methods aim to enhance performance, often through artificial physiological manipulation.

21 cards
View Deck
Biology

A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - Energy for Exercise

These flashcards cover fundamental concepts of cellular energy, including ATP as the primary energy source for muscular contraction, the role of the enzyme ATPase in ATP breakdown, and the definition of exothermic reactions that release energy. They provide a concise overview of how energy is produced and utilized in biological systems.

47 cards
View Deck
Biology

3MB Psychiatry: Neurobiology of Mood

This flashcard set explains the brain’s appetitive (approach) and aversive (defensive) mood systems, describing how they drive behaviour toward reward or avoidance of threat, and identifies the key neurotransmitters associated with each—dopamine for approach and serotonin for avoidance.

8 cards
View Deck
Biology

Psychology - Chapter 3 Biological Psychology Part 3

This deck covers key concepts from Chapter 3 of Biological Psychology, focusing on brain structures and their functions, including the occipital lobe, limbic system, brain stem, and nervous systems.

23 cards
View Deck
Biology

Psychology - Chapter 3 Biological Psychology Part 2

This flashcard deck covers key concepts from Chapter 3 of Biological Psychology, focusing on neurotransmitters, brain structures, and their functions.

25 cards
View Deck
Biology

Animal Behaviour - Applied Cat Ethology

In applied cat ethology, behavioural genetics are primarily inherited through the paternal line. This means certain behavioural traits, such as temperament or sociability, can be strongly influenced by the genetics of the sire (father).

56 cards
View Deck

Study Tips

  • Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
  • Review cards regularly to improve retention
  • Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
  • Share this deck with friends to study together
Biology - Chapter 8.1 - Outline of the Nervous System Part 1
TermDefinition

What are the main divisions of the nervous system?

Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.

What organs belong to the central nervous system?

Brain and spinal cord.

What organs belong to the peripheral nervous system?

The nerves that branch from the brain and spinal cord (cranial nerves and spinal nerves).

Identify the main parts of a neuron.

Cell body, dendrites and axon.

What is the function of the cell body?

Contains the cell's nucleus and most of the cytoplasm.

What is the function of the dendrites?

Receives the nerve impulses from other neurons and conducts them toward the cell body.

What is the function of the axon?

Relays nerve impulses from the cell body to other neurons.

What is the difference between gray matter and white matter?

Gray matter consists largely of the cell bodies of neurons and is gray because these bodies lack myelin.

White matter is composed of axons and glial cells that are white because of their myelin content.

What are the three broad categories of neurons?

Sensory neurons
Motor neurons
Interneurons

What viral disease affects the nerve cells of the spinal cord?

Poliomyelitis

Explain how the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system work together to regulate body activities.

Answers may include some of the following ideas:
1. The two systems are complementary. Generally, the sympathetic division stimulates organs when you are active, in danger, or under stress, while the parasympathetic division stimulates organs while you rest.
2. The sympathetic division causes heartbeat and breathing rates to increase and inhibits the activity of the digestive system. The parasympathetic division shows the heartbeat and breathing rates and increases the activity of the digestive system.

Brain

Principal organ of the nervous system.

Spinal cord

A thick bundle of nerve fibers located within the spinal cavity.

Spinal nerves

31 pairs of nerves, which branch from the spinal cord and extend out of the spinal cavity between the vertebrae. They transmit nerve signals to and from the rest of the body.