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Biology - Chapter 8.1 - Outline of the Nervous System Part 2

Biology14 CardsCreated 4 months ago

A flashcard deck covering key concepts from Chapter 8.1, including cranial nerves, meninges, glial cells, neurons, and related diseases.

Cranial nerves

12 pairs of nerves that branch directly from the brain stem and transmit nerve signals to and from the eyes, ears, mouth, face and scalp.

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Cranial nerves

12 pairs of nerves that branch directly from the brain stem and transmit nerve signals to and from the eyes, ears, mouth, face and scalp.

Meninges

A triple layer of protective tissues covering the spinal cord and brain.
Outer layer - dura mater
One of the strongest tissues of the body, s...

Cerebrospinal fluid

A clear fluid that circulates through the fibers of the arachnoid, cushions the brain when bump head

Glial cells

Cells that support and insulate nerve tissue

Neurons

Actual nerve cells

What are glial cells?
Cells that support and insulate nerve tissue.

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TermDefinition

Cranial nerves

12 pairs of nerves that branch directly from the brain stem and transmit nerve signals to and from the eyes, ears, mouth, face and scalp.

Meninges

A triple layer of protective tissues covering the spinal cord and brain.
Outer layer - dura mater
One of the strongest tissues of the body, serves as a flexible protective layer.
Middle layer - arachnoid
Thin fibers like the fibers of a spider's web, forming an intricate three-dimensional network around the brain.
Inner layer - pia mater

Cerebrospinal fluid

A clear fluid that circulates through the fibers of the arachnoid, cushions the brain when bump head

Glial cells

Cells that support and insulate nerve tissue

Neurons

Actual nerve cells

What are glial cells?
Cells that support and insulate nerve tissue.

Ganglion

A mass of cell bodies

Plexus

A group of ganglion forming a large nerve mass

Nerve center

A group of cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord

Blood-brain barrier

Tightly sealed capillary walls that protect the central nervous system from being permanently damaged every time you get sick.

Meningitis

A disease caused by invading micro-organisms enter the nerve tissue and infect the meninges.

Coma

A state of prolonged unconsciousness, serious brain damage can result

Poliomyelitis

A serious disease that attacks the spinal cord. It is caused by a virus which enters the motor neurons of the spinal cord and destroys some of them.

Nerves

Bundles of nerve fibers (axons) branching from the brain and spinal cord and connecting the central nervous system to the extremities of the body.