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Biology EOC Review Part 3
This deck covers key biology concepts such as cell division, genetic material, ecological processes, and organism classification. It is designed to help students review and understand essential biology terms and definitions.
concentration gradient
difference in concentration of a substance on two sides of a membrane
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
concentration gradient
difference in concentration of a substance on two sides of a membrane
conclusion
a summary of what you have learned from an experiment
consumer
an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms
crossing over
exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis
cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm
cytoplasm
a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
concentration gradient | difference in concentration of a substance on two sides of a membrane |
conclusion | a summary of what you have learned from an experiment |
consumer | an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms |
crossing over | exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis |
cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm |
cytoplasm | a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended |
data | information gathered from observations |
decomposer | organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter |
deforestation | the removal of trees |
differentiation | process in which cells become specialized in structure and function |
diffusion | the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; passive |
dihybrid cross | genetic cross using two traits with two alleles each |
diploid number | cell condition in which two of each type of chromosome are present |
disturbance | A discrete event that disrupts an ecosystem or community. Examples of natural disturbances include fires, hurricanes, tornadoes, droughts, and floods. Examples of human-caused disturbances include deforestation, overgrazing, and plowing. |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics |
kingdom | large taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla |
learned behavior | a behavior an animal learns from its parents |
lipid | macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes |
lysosome | cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell |
macromolecule | any large complex organic molecule |
meiosis | Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms |
mRNA | messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome |
metaphase | second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell |
domain | Most inclusive taxonomic category; larger than a kingdom |
dominant | trait that will show up in an organism's phenotype if gene is present |
double helix | two strands of nucleotides wound about each other; structure of DNA |
ecological succession | gradual change in living communities that follows a disturbance |
ecosystem | living and nonliving things in an environment, together with their interactions |
egg | Female sex cell |
embryo | organism in its early stage of development |