Biology NEET - XI: Chapter 7- Structural Organization in Animals Part 13
The erector pili muscle, a smooth muscle attached to hair follicles, originates from the ectodermal germ layer, specifically from the mesenchyme derived from the ectoderm. It plays a role in causing "goosebumps" by contracting and making the hair stand up.
Which germinal layer does the erector pili muscle originate from?
Ectoderm
Key Terms
Which germinal layer does the erector pili muscle originate from?
Ectoderm
In which phylum did the muscular tissue first originate?
Coelenterata
Which cells form the major part of neural tissue?
Neuoglial cells (67%)
What are Nissl's granules?
Basophilic fragments of RER (ribonucleoprotein)
What is the function of Nissl's granules?
Protein synthesis
Where are Nissl's granules present?
In cell body and dendrites
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Which germinal layer does the erector pili muscle originate from? | Ectoderm |
In which phylum did the muscular tissue first originate? | Coelenterata |
Which cells form the major part of neural tissue? | Neuoglial cells (67%) |
What are Nissl's granules? | Basophilic fragments of RER (ribonucleoprotein) |
What is the function of Nissl's granules? | Protein synthesis |
Where are Nissl's granules present? | In cell body and dendrites |
WHat is the myelin sheath made of? | Sphingolipid layer |
What secreted the myelin sheat in central nervous system? | Oligodendrocytes |
Which cell organelle does the neuron lack? | Centriole |
Apolar neurons are present in | Hydra |
WHat type of neurons are present in an embryo? | Unipolar neurons |
Which type of neurons are present in retina's rod and cone cells? | Bipolar neurons |
Which type of neurons are found in olfactory epithelium? | Bipolar neurons |
Which are the most abundant glial cells? | Astrocytes |
What is the function of astrocytes in humans? | Repair of nervous tissuse, formation of blood brain barrier |
Which glial cells form a blood brain barrier? | Astrocytes |
Which gleal cells are mesodermal in origin? | Microglia |
Which cells secrete CSF? | Ependymal cells |
Which is the asian cockroach? | Blatta orientalis |
What is the length of Periplanata americana? | 4-5cm |
Can Blata orientalis fly? | No, both males and femals cannot fly though males have wings. |
Does Blata orientalis have arolium pads? | No |
How are sclerites joint in Periplanata americana? | By arthroidal membrane |
What are the dorsal sclerites called? | Tergite |
What are ventral sclerites called? | Sternite |
What are lateral sclerites called? | Pleurite |
How many segments does the head of cockroach have in embryo and in adult? | Embryo- 6 | Adult- 1 |
How many segments does the thorax of cockroach have in embryo and in adults? | Embryo and adults- 3 |
How many segments does the abdomen of cockroach have in embryo and adults? | Embryo-11 | Adults- 10 |
What is the forewing of cockroack commonly called? | Elytra/tegmina |
Anal styles are present in | Male cockroach |
Anal cerci are present in | Male and female cockroach |
What is the shape of the head of cockroach? | Triangular |
The head of cockroach is hypognathous. True or false? | True |
How many chitin plates cover the head of cockroach? | 6 |
Which is the largest chitin plate in the head of cockroach? | Frons |
Name the 6 chitin plates in the head of cockroach. | Epicranial plates- 2 Frons- 1 Gena- 2 Clypeus-1 |
Do male or female cockroaches have longer antennae? | Male cockroaches have longer antennae. |
Can the simple eyes of cockroach form images? | No |
How many ommatidia are present in compound eyes of cockroach? | 2000 ommatidia |
Which is the upper lip of cockroaches? | Labrum |
Which is the lower lip of cockroaches? | Labium |
Which are the cheeks of cockroaches? | Maxilla |
What is the function of maxilla in cockroaches? | Prevents the falling of food from mouth |
Which segment of thorax of a cockroach is the largest? | Prothorax |
Name the segments of the leg of cockroach. | Coxa Trochanter Femur Tibia Tarsus (5 sub segments) |
What is the last tarsomere of leg of cockroach called? | Pretarsus |
Which tarsus forms the claws in cockroach? | Pretarsus |
Which is also known as the metathoracic wing of cockroach? | Flying/hind wing |
How many sclerites does each segment of abdomen of cockroach have? | Four |
How many tergites does the abdomen of cockroach have? | 10 in males and females |
How many sternite does the abdomen of cockroach have? | Males-9 | Females- 7 |
Where are stink glands present in cockroaches? | 5th and 6th abdominal segment |
Which structures act as nostrils of cockroach? | Spiracles |
Which segments form the genital pouch in female cockroaches? | 7th, 8th and 9th sternite |
Which is the long boat shaped sternite in female cockroaches? | 7th sternite |
Which segments form the genital pouch in male cockroaches? | 9th and 10th tergite and 9th sternite |
Where does anal cerci arise from in cockroach? | Last tergite |
What is the function of anal cerci in cockroach? | They perceive sound. |
Where do anal style arise from in cockroach? | 9th sternite |
Are phallomeres present in male or female cockroach? | Both |
Where is the genital aperture in male cockroaches located? | Just below anus (between 10th tergite and 9th sternite) |
What is called stomodium in cockroaches? | Foregut |
What is called mesenterone in cockroaches? | Midgut |
What is called hindgut in cockroaches? | Proctodeum |
80% of digestion of food occurs in which part of cockroach? | Crop |
20% of digestion of food occurs in which part of cockroach? | Midgut |
Which is the longest part of alimentary canal of cockroach? | Colon |
Hepatic caecae arise from | Junction of foregut and midgut |
How many hepatic caeae are present in cockroaches? | 6 to 8 |
What is the function of hepatic caecae? | Secretion of digestive juices |
Where are malpighian tubules located in cockroach? | At the junction of midgut and hindgut |
How many malpighian tubules are present in cockroaches? | 100-150 |
How many spiracles are present in cockroaches? | 10 (2 in thorax and 8 in abdomen) |
On which structures are spiracles located? | Pleurons |
Are valves present in spiracles? | Yes |
What prevent trachea from collapsing in cockroaches? | Chitin rings |
Which muscles undergo rhythmic contraction and relaxation to bring about respiration in cockroaches? | Tergo-sternal muscles |
Which sinus of cockroach contains heart? | Pericardial sinus |
Which sinus of cockroach contains gut? | Perivisceral sinus |
Which sinus of cockroach contains nerve cord? | Perineural sinus |
What divides pericardial and perivisceral sinus in cockroach? | Dorsal diaphragm |
What divides perivisceral and perineural sinus in cockroach? | Ventral diaphragm |
How many heart chambers does a cockroach have? | 13 |
How many pairs of allary muscles are present between two chambers of heart of cockroach? | 12 pairs |
What is the function of allary muscles of heart of cockroach? | Their contraction is responsible for blood circulation. |
What is the anterior aorta of cockroach? | It is the continuation of the 1st chamber of heart. |
Where do the mapighian tubules collect metabolic waste from? | Haemocoel |
Where is potassium urate converted into uric acid in cockroaches? | Malpighian tubules |
Nephrocytes in cockroaches are attached to | Heart wall |
Uricose gland in cockroach are present in which sexes? | Males |
Which organs of cockroach store uric acid for a long time? | Fat body, nephrocytes and uricose glands |
What are the components of the nervous system of a cockroach? | Nerve ring and a nerve cord |
Which part of nervous system of cockroach acts as brain? | Supra oesophagial ganglion |
Where does the nerve cord of cockroach arise from? | Supra oesophagial ganglion |
How many ganglion does the nerve cord of cockroach have? | 3 thoracic and 6 abdominal |
What type of nerves- sensory, motor or mixed, are present in cockroaches? | Mixed nerves |
Which are the olfactory receptors of cockroaches? | Antennae |
What are the thigmoreceptors of cockroach? | Antennae |
Where do endocrine gland of cockroch release their secretions? | Haemocoel |