Biology NEET - XII: Chapter 12- Biotechnology and its Application
Lepidopterans, such as the tobacco budworm and armyworm, are insect pests that attack and damage crop plants. They cause significant agricultural losses, making their control vital for food production.
Give examples of lepidopterans.
Tobacco budworm, armyworm
Key Terms
Give examples of lepidopterans.
Tobacco budworm, armyworm
Proteins coded by which genes control cotton bollworms?
Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab
Proteins coded by which gene control corn borers?
Cry1Ab
How were nematode specific genes introduced into the host plant?
Using agrobacterium vectors
How many therapeutics have been approved for human use worldwide and in India?
30 worldwide and 12 in India
When was genetically engineered insulin first produced?
1983
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Give examples of lepidopterans. | Tobacco budworm, armyworm |
Proteins coded by which genes control cotton bollworms? | Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab |
Proteins coded by which gene control corn borers? | Cry1Ab |
How were nematode specific genes introduced into the host plant? | Using agrobacterium vectors |
How many therapeutics have been approved for human use worldwide and in India? | 30 worldwide and 12 in India |
When was genetically engineered insulin first produced? | 1983 |
When was the first clinical gene therapy given? | 1990 |
ADA deficiency stands for | Adenosine deaminase deficiency |
As a first step towards gene therapy which cells of the ADA deficiency patient were cultured? | Lymphocytes |
How was ADA cDNA introduced into cultured lymphocytes for gene therapy of ADA deficiency? | Using retroviral vector |
No transgenic model exists for cystic fibrosis. True/false? | False. Transgenic models exist for cystic fibrosis. |
No transgenic model exists for Alzheimer’s. True/false? | False. Transgenic models exist for Alzeihmer’s. |
When was the first transgenic cow made? | 1997 |
How many gram of protein was present per litre in the milk produced by Rosie the transgenic cow? | 2.4g |
GEAC stands for | Genetic engineering approval committee |
In which year did an American company get patent rights on Basmati rice through the US Patent and trademark office? | 1997 |
How many amino acids does insulin have in both of its chains? | A- chain : 21 amino acids B-chain : 30 amino acids |
What are second generation vaccines? | rDNA vaccines |
What are third generation vaccines? | DNA vaccines |
What is the use of interferon alpha therapeutic? | Treatment of cancer |
What is the use of tissue plasminogen activator therapeutic? | Myocardial infarction |
What is the use of the therapeutic DNAse? | Cystic fibrosis |
What is the use of the therapeutic OKT-3? | immunosuppressive agent to prevent acute rejection in case of organ transplant |
What is the use of the therapeutic GCSF? | Cancer treatment |
What is the blood tested for in direct ELISA? | Antigen |
What is attached to the well in direct ELISA? | Enzyme linked antibody |
What is the blood tested for in Indirect ELISA? | Antibody |
What is present on walls of wells in indirect ELISA? | Antigen |
What is the blood tested for in sandwich ELISA? | Antigen |
What is attached on the walls of wells in sandwich ELISA? | Primary antibody |
Which part of the insect does Bt toxin affect? | Epithelial cells of midgut |
Transgenic golden rice is made by the addition of which gene in Oryza sativa? | Beta-carotene producing gene from daffodils or carrots |
Which plant was genetically engineered to make hirudin? | Brassica napus |
RNA interference is present in all organisms as a method of cellular defence. True/false? | False. | RNA interference is present in all eukaryotes as a method of cellular defence. |
Which was the first transgenic plant available in market? | Flavr savr tomato |
Golden rice is rich in | Vitamin A and iron |
What are the qualities of flavr savr tomatoes which make them different from other tomatoes? | Longer shelf life, stronger taste, bigger |
What is the function of genetically modified pseudomonas florescence? | Prevents frost damage on the plants that it grows |
What is the super bug? | Pseudomonas putida | Scavenger of oil spills |
HGH insert in common carp makes it | 2 times in size |
Name the first transgenic sheep. | Polly molly |
Name the first successful mammalian clone | Dolly the sheep |
To create first transgenic sheep, the host was | Black faced ewe |
To create first transgenic sheep the host was | White faced ewe |