Biology NEET - XII: Chapter 13- Organisms and Populations
The study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment is called Ecology. It helps us understand how living beings adapt, survive, and maintain balance within ecosystems.
The study of interactions among organisms and between the organisms and its physical environment is called
Ecology
Key Terms
The study of interactions among organisms and between the organisms and its physical environment is called
Ecology
Tuna fishes are rare caught beyond the tropics. True/false?
True
What is the salt concentration in inland waters?
< 5 parts per thousand
What is the salt concentration in the sea?
30 to 35 parts per thousand
What is the salt concentration in hypersaline lagoons?
> 100 parts per thousand
Is only sexual reproduction considered as inbreeding in ecology?
In ecological studies even a group of individuals arising from asexual reproduction) (along with sexual reproduction is considered as a population....
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
The study of interactions among organisms and between the organisms and its physical environment is called | Ecology |
Tuna fishes are rare caught beyond the tropics. True/false? | True |
What is the salt concentration in inland waters? | < 5 parts per thousand |
What is the salt concentration in the sea? | 30 to 35 parts per thousand |
What is the salt concentration in hypersaline lagoons? | > 100 parts per thousand |
Is only sexual reproduction considered as inbreeding in ecology? | In ecological studies even a group of individuals arising from asexual reproduction) (along with sexual reproduction is considered as a population. |
WHat is the value of intrinsic rate of natural increase for the Norway rat? | 0.015 |
What is the value of the intrinsic rate of natural increase for the flour beetle? | 0.12 |
What was the intrinsic rate of natural increase for India in 1981? | 0.0205 |
WHo showed that even a small growing animal like elephant could reach enormous numbers in the absence of checks? | Darwin |
What percent of all insects are phytophagous? | 25% |
Which type of competition, according to Darwin was the potent force in organic evolution? | Interspecific competition |
What did Connell’s field experiment show? | Larger and superior barnacle Balanus dominates the intertidal area and excludes the smaller barnacle Chthamalus |
Are herbivores more affected by competition or carnivores? | Herbivores |
In a mycorrhiza, what advantage does the plant give the fungi? | Fungi get high yielding carbohydrates from the plant |
Who gave the term ecology? | Ernst Haeckel |
Hexicology is equivalent to | Ecology |
What does autecology mean? | Species ecology |
What does synecology mean? | Community ecology/biocenology |
What is the basic unit of ecological hierarchy? | Organism |
Give the ecological hierarchy order. | Biosphere Biome Landscape Ecosystem Community Population Organism |
What is meant by edaphic factors? | Factors including physical and chemical properties of soil |
What is the vertical temperature gradient over earth’s surface called? What is its value? | Lapse rate, 6.5 celsius/1000 meter elevation |
What are megatherms? | Plants which live in very high temperature region. (Tropical rain forests) |
What are mesotherms? | Plants which live in alternate high low temperatures (Tropical deciduous forests) |
What are Microtherms? | PLants which live in low temperature regions (coniferous forests) |
What are hekistotherms? | Plants which live in very low temperature regions (alpine vegetation) |
The timing of seasonal activities of plants in relation to change in environmental conditions is called | Phenology |
What is the value of solar constant? | 5 cal/min/cm |
What is ground fire? | Burning of grasses |
What is surface fire? | Burning of shrubs |
What is crown fire? | Burning of tall trees |
In which zone do airplanes fly? | Stratosphere |
Tropopause layer of atmosphere is present between | Troposphere and stratosphere |
Which is the outer fringe of atmosphere? | Exosphere |
How thick is the homosphere?` | 100 km |
How thick is the heterosphere? | 150km |
What is paedogenesis? | Process of formation of soil |
Alluvial soil is the soil | Brought by river |
What is the size of pigments in clay? | 0.0002 to 0.002 mm |
What is the size of pigments in silt? | 0.002 to 0.02mm |
What is the size of pigments in sand? | 0.02 to 0.2 mm |
What is the size of pigments in gravel? | 0.2 to 2mm |
What is the constitution of loamy soil? | 20% clay + 40% silt + 40% sand |
What is the composition of clayey soil? | 50% clay + 45% silt + 5% sand |
What is the composition of sandy soil? | 80% sand + 10% silt + 10% clay |
Which is the A layer of soil | Top soil |
Which is the b layer of soil? | Subsoil |
Upto which layer of soil do roots penetrate? | B layer/subsoil |
Which is the C layer pf soil? | It has weathered rocks |
Tropical zone is present between which latitudes? | 0 to 20 |
Sub tropical zone is present vvetween which latitudes? | 20 to 40 |
Temperate zone is present between which latitude? | 40 to 60 |
What is the timber line? | Line above which woody trees are not found. |
Which trees are found in coniferous forests? | Pinus, deodat, cedrus |
Which trees are found in tropical rainforests? | Oak |
Which trees are found in tropical deciduous forests? | Sal teak |
What are the chapparals? | Mediterranean scrub forests |
Do rabbit aestivate? | Yes |
WHat are sister populations? | Different population of same kind of organisms which are found in different areas. |
Which age group is called pre reproductive age group? | 0- 14 |
Which age group is called post reproductive age group? | 45+ |
Physiological and biochemical processes by which an organism prepares for the cold weather is called | cold hardening |
Batesian mimicry is found in which butterflies? | Monarch butterfly and viceroy butterfly |
Mullerian mimicry is found in which butterflies? | Monarch butterfly and queen butterfly |
What type of hydrophyte is Ecchornia? | Non rooted free floating |
What type of hydrophyte is Utricularia? | Submerged non rooted |
What type of hydrophyte is nymphea? | Floating rooted |
What type of hydrophyte is Trapa? | Floating rooted |
What type of hydrophyte is vallisneria? | Submerged rooted |
What type of hydrophyte is Ranunculus? | Emergent rooted |
Which xerophytes are known as drought escapers? | Ephemerals |
Which xerophytes are known as drought resistant xerophytes? | Succulents |
Which xerophytic plants are true xerophytes? | Drought endurers (non succulent) |
WHat are psammophytes? | PLants which grow on sandy soil |
What is the difference between the root systems of drought endurers and drought escapers? | Drought endurers- Have a very well developed and deep root system Drought escapers- Have a shallow root system |
Which plants have chalk glands? | Halophytes |
What is the difference between zoochory and zoophily? | Zoophily- pollination by animals | Zoochory- seed dispersal by animals |
The association between two species in which both are benefited but it is non obligatory is called | Proto-cooperation |
What is the relation between tick bird and rhinoceros? | Proto-cooperation |
WHat is the association between plover and crocodile? | Proto-cooperation |
What is the association between sea anemone and hermit crab? | Proto-cooperation |
What kind of parasite is Rafflesia? | It is a total root parasite. |
What type of parasite in sandalwood? | It is a partial root parasite. |
What type of parasite is cuscuta? | Total stem parasite |
What is allelopathy? | Plants secrete a chemical which inhibits the growth of other plants around it. |
What is the relationship between penicillium and streptomyces? | Ammensalism |
Which are the main plants found in prairies? | Grasses |