Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Biopsychology Chapter 14-Psychological Disorders Part 4
Biopsychology Chapter 14-Psychological Disorders Part 4
This deck covers key concepts related to schizophrenia, including its causes, brain abnormalities, treatment options, and long-term outcomes.
Which of the following increases the probability that someone will develop schizophrenia?
having an older than average father
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Which of the following increases the probability that someone will develop schizophrenia?
having an older than average father
What is one factor in prenatal development that has been found to be related to increased incidences of schizophrenia later in life?
prenatal exposure to Toxoplasma gondii
Which factor is sometimes taken as evidence that schizophrenia might be caused by a virus?
the season-of-birth effect
Brain differences common to schizophrenia include ____
larger than normal cerebral ventricles
The planum temporale is slightly ____ in the ____ temporal lobe of schizophrenics as compared to most other people.
larger; right
The areas with the most consistent signs of abnormality in schizophrenics include the ____
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Which of the following increases the probability that someone will develop schizophrenia? | having an older than average father |
What is one factor in prenatal development that has been found to be related to increased incidences of schizophrenia later in life? | prenatal exposure to Toxoplasma gondii |
Which factor is sometimes taken as evidence that schizophrenia might be caused by a virus? | the season-of-birth effect |
Brain differences common to schizophrenia include ____ | larger than normal cerebral ventricles |
The planum temporale is slightly ____ in the ____ temporal lobe of schizophrenics as compared to most other people. | larger; right |
The areas with the most consistent signs of abnormality in schizophrenics include the ____ | dorsolateral prefrontal cortex |
The problems that schizophrenics have with memory and attention are most likely related to an increased tendency of having brain damage in the ____ | prefrontal cortex |
People with schizophrenia have lower than normal overall activity in the ____ | left hemisphere |
Research suggests that the brain abnormalities of schizophrenics develop ____ | early and then remain fairly steady |
Prior to the 1950s, few schizophrenic patients who entered a mental hospital ever left. The discovery most responsible for alleviating that situation was the discovery of ____ | chlorpromazine |
Another term for antipsychotic drugs is ____ | neuroleptics |
The two chemical families to which most antipsychotic drugs belong are ____ | phenothiazines and butyrophenones |
Which of the following is an effect of most antipsychotic drugs? | blockage of dopamine receptors |
The doses of various drugs that are typically prescribed for schizophrenia are closely related to the strength of what effect? | blockage of dopamine receptors |
Repeated use of large doses of amphetamine or cocaine can lead to a behavioral condition similar to ____. | schizophrenia |
An individual shows symptoms resembling schizophrenia, especially the positive symptoms, but is not schizophrenic. Which of the following disorders is most likely? | substance-induced psychotic disorder |
An alternative to the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia is the proposal that schizophrenia may be due to a deficiency of activity of ____ synapses. | glutamate |
Phencyclidine (PCP), which can produce psychotic symptoms resembling schizophrenia, has which effect? | It inhibits the NMDA glutamate receptors. |
The amino acid, glycine, provides a possible co-treatment for schizophrenia because it ____ | increases the effectiveness of glutamate |
For schizophrenics, atypical antipsychotics are more effective than typical antipsychotics in ____ | reducing negative symptoms |
A serious side effect that develops in some people after prolonged use of neuroleptic drugs is ____. | tardive dyskinesia |
The symptoms of tardive dyskinesia are ____. | tremors and other involuntary movements |
What happens when schizophrenics stop taking neuroleptic drugs? | Tardive dyskinesia may continue. |
Atypical antipsychotic drugs alleviate schizophrenia with fewer side effects than other drugs because they ____. | more strongly antagonize serotonin type 5-HT2 receptors |
All things considered, the atypical antipsychotics ____ | do not improve overall quality of life more than older drugs |
Which statement about the long-term course for people diagnosed with schizophrenia is true? | Up to one-fourth will have a serious disorder throughout their lives. |