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Cell Cycle - Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis Part 3

Biology19 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key concepts related to the cell cycle, including definitions and processes such as mitosis, cytokinesis, and various cell types. It also includes information about chromosomes, reproduction, and cellular abnormalities.

Gene

a section of the DNA strand that codes for a particular trait. More than one gene can be on the same DNA strand.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Gene
a section of the DNA strand that codes for a particular trait. More than one gene can be on the same DNA strand.
Number of chromosomes in a human somatic cell
46
Number of chromosome pairs in a human somatic cell
23
Does number of chromosomes equal complexity of an organism.
NO
autosome
chromosome not directly involved in determining sex of the organism.
Sex determining chromosome
chromosome(s) that determine sex of an organism

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TermDefinition
Gene
a section of the DNA strand that codes for a particular trait. More than one gene can be on the same DNA strand.
Number of chromosomes in a human somatic cell
46
Number of chromosome pairs in a human somatic cell
23
Does number of chromosomes equal complexity of an organism.
NO
autosome
chromosome not directly involved in determining sex of the organism.
Sex determining chromosome
chromosome(s) that determine sex of an organism
Human Female sex determining chromosomes.
XX
Human Male sex determining chromosomes.
XY
Diploid cell
Cell with 2 of each kind of chromosomes
Haploid cell
cell with 1 of each kind of chromosomes (ex: Sex cell)
Karyotype
Diagram that shows a cell's chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs in order from largest to smallest. A photo micrograph of the chromosomes in a cell during metaphase. Can be used to id abnormalities in chromosomal # and structure
If Pitt Makes A Touchdown Cheer!!!
Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis.
PMAT
Miotsis Phases - Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Cell Cycle Sum UP
One large cell makes two smaller cells with same number of chromosomes; allows organisms to grow
What occurs in each stage of the cell cycle?
1. Interphase - no division 2. Mitosis - process divides nucleus 3. Cytokinesis - process divides cell and cytoplasm
Cancer and cell division
cancer cells have abnormal cell growth and do not respond to signals correctly.
Reproduction
The process by which an organism produces others of its same kind.
Regeneration
the ability some organisms have to reconstruct a lost body part using mitosis (ex: starfish, some lizards)
Budding
Process by which a new, duplicate plant or animal begins to form at the side of the parent and enlarges until an individual is created. Ex: common in plants, hydra