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Cell Organelles

Anatomy and Physiology7 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers the structure and functions of various cell organelles, including the cytoskeleton, nucleus, mitochondrion, and more.

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What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?

The cytoskeleton supports and shapes a cell, helps position and transport organelles, provides strength, assists in cell division, and aids cell movement.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?
The cytoskeleton supports and shapes a cell, helps position and transport organelles, provides strength, assists in cell division, and aids cell movem...
Describe the structure of the nucleus.
The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane with pores that connect its interior to the cytoplasm. DNA and the nucleolus are located inside the nuc...
Explain the structure and function of the mitochondrion.
A mitochondrion supplies energy to a cell by releasing the energy stored in food molecules. The outer membrane surrounds a highly folded inner membran...
What function does the cell wall perform in a plant?
The cell wall protects, supports, and shapes a plant cell, and regulates what moves into the cell. The cell walls of multiple cells can help support t...
What similarities do mitochondria and chloroplasts share?
Both membranes-bound organelles have their own DNA and help make energy available to the cell.
Describe how the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion, and Golgi apparatus are structurally similar.
All are composed of membrane-enclosed chambers. The surface area of each is greatly increased by folds and layers.
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Cell Organelles
TermDefinition
What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?
The cytoskeleton supports and shapes a cell, helps position and transport organelles, provides strength, assists in cell division, and aids cell movement.
Describe the structure of the nucleus.
The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane with pores that connect its interior to the cytoplasm. DNA and the nucleolus are located inside the nucleus.
Explain the structure and function of the mitochondrion.
A mitochondrion supplies energy to a cell by releasing the energy stored in food molecules. The outer membrane surrounds a highly folded inner membrane where chemical activity occurs. It has its own ribosomes and DNA.
What function does the cell wall perform in a plant?
The cell wall protects, supports, and shapes a plant cell, and regulates what moves into the cell. The cell walls of multiple cells can help support the entire plant.
What similarities do mitochondria and chloroplasts share?
Both membranes-bound organelles have their own DNA and help make energy available to the cell.
Describe how the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion, and Golgi apparatus are structurally similar.
All are composed of membrane-enclosed chambers. The surface area of each is greatly increased by folds and layers.
Medicine, alcohol, and many drugs are detoxified in liver cells. Why do you think the liver cells of some people who abuse alcohol and drugs have an increased amount of smooth ER?
Increased amounts of smooth ER in the livers cells suggests that the cells have responded to increased amounts of toxins by producing more smooth ER to handle the processing.