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Cell Organelles

Anatomy and Physiology20 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key cell organelles, their functions, and characteristics, providing a foundational understanding of cellular biology.

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Ribosomes

small round structures that make proteins
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Ribosomes
small round structures that make proteins
Cell Membrane
a thin layer around the cytoplasm of a cell
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
System of internal membranes within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in transport of substances such as ...
Golgi Complex
stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum
contains collection of enzymes that perform special tasks that include the synthesis of membrane lipids and detoxification; the liver contains a lot
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Cell Organelles
TermDefinition
Ribosomes
small round structures that make proteins
Cell Membrane
a thin layer around the cytoplasm of a cell
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
System of internal membranes within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm
Golgi Complex
stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum
contains collection of enzymes that perform special tasks that include the synthesis of membrane lipids and detoxification; the liver contains a lot
Nucleus
a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
Centriole
structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
Lysosome
cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
Flagellum
a lash-like appendage used for locomotion (e.g., in sperm cells and some bacteria and protozoa)
Vacuole
cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Cell Wall
A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms
Chloroplast
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
Nucleolus
The organelle where ribosomes are made, synthesized and partially assembled, located in the nucleus
Microtubules
fiber making up the cytoskeleton of a eukaryotic cell; forms the basis of structure and movement of cilia and flagella
Capsule
a sticky, gelatinous substance around the cell wall; allows cells to stick together or to the host cell
Cytoplasm
a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
Eukaryote
A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Nucleoid
An irregularly shaped section of a prokaryote that contains most (if not all) the genetic material
Prokaryote
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles