Cellular Respiration Part 2

Anatomy and Physiology27 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key concepts related to lactic acid fermentation, alcoholic fermentation, and aerobic respiration, including processes, reactions, and efficiencies.

lactic acid fermentation

pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
lactic acid fermentation
pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid
what is used to make lactic acid
one hydrogen atom from NADH and one free hydrogen proton
what happens to NADH in lactic acid fermentation
it is oxidized and converted to NAD+
type of reaction that occurs in muscles during strenuous exercise
lactic acid fermentation
organ where lactic acid is converted back into pyruvic acid
liver
the liver
where lactic acid is converted back into pyruvic acid

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TermDefinition
lactic acid fermentation
pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid
what is used to make lactic acid
one hydrogen atom from NADH and one free hydrogen proton
what happens to NADH in lactic acid fermentation
it is oxidized and converted to NAD+
type of reaction that occurs in muscles during strenuous exercise
lactic acid fermentation
organ where lactic acid is converted back into pyruvic acid
liver
the liver
where lactic acid is converted back into pyruvic acid
how many carbons in lactic acid
3
alcoholic fermentation
pyruvic acid is converted into ethyl alcohol
organisms that use alcoholic fermentation
plant cells and unicellular organisms
process of alcoholic fermentation (2 steps)
CO2 is removed from pyruvic acid, two hydrogen atoms added
what is regenerated in alcoholic fermentation
NAD+
one kilocalorie=? calories
1000
efficiency of glycolysis=
energy required to make ATP/energy released by oxidation of glucose
where pyruvic acid goes when oxygen is available
aerobic respiration
aerobic respiration produces ?x as much ATP as glycolysis
20
two stages of aerobic respiration
the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain
chemiosmosis
process by which ATP is made using the energy released as protons move across a membrane
as glucose is oxidized NAD+ is...
converted into NADH
the Krebs cycle, function
breaks down acetyl CoA
where the Krebs cycle takes place (eukaryotes)
the mitochondria
where the Krebs cycle takes place (prokaryotic)
None
mitochondrial matrix
the space inside the inner and outer membranes of a mitochondrion
what the mitochondrial matrix contains
enzymes to catalyze the reactions of the Krebs cycle
in the mitochondrial matrix, pyruvic acid reacts with ? to form ?, and releases a ?
CoA, acetyl CoA, CO2 molecule
products of the Krebs cycle (3)
CO2, hydrogen atoms, and ATP
final electron acceptor of ETC
oxygen
efficiency of cellular respiration=
energy required to make ATP/energy released by oxidation of glucose