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Chapter 1-4 Anatomy and Physiology Part 9

Anatomy and Physiology10 CardsCreated 3 months ago

This deck covers key concepts from chapters 1-4 of Anatomy and Physiology, focusing on nervous tissue, tissue repair, and related terms.

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Describe the structure, function and location of nervous tissue and its 2 major cell types

Nervous tissue is found in the nervous system (see objective # 2). It consists of neurons and supporting cells. The neurons conduct impulses and the supporting cells aid the neurons. We will discuss this in more detail in chapter 11.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Describe the structure, function and location of nervous tissue and its 2 major cell types
Nervous tissue is found in the nervous system (see objective # 2). It consists of neurons and supporting cells. The neurons conduct impulses and the s...
Describe the three stages of tissue repair (inflammation, organization and regeneration/fibrosis).
Inflammation causes isolation of the damaged area and cleans up dangerous microorganisms. Damaged cells release chemicals that activate mast cells. Ma...
Organization
restores the blood supply to the damaged area. This occurs at the same time as inflammation. Blood clot is replaced by granulation tissue.
Regeneration
repairs or replaces the damaged tissues to restore normal function. New cells migrate into area. If instead of cells of the original tissue migrating ...
Atrophy
decrease in size of organ or tissue
Programmed cell death
idea that the timing of the death of a cell is coded in the cells genes.
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Chapter 1-4 Anatomy and Physiology Part 9
TermDefinition
Describe the structure, function and location of nervous tissue and its 2 major cell types
Nervous tissue is found in the nervous system (see objective # 2). It consists of neurons and supporting cells. The neurons conduct impulses and the supporting cells aid the neurons. We will discuss this in more detail in chapter 11.
Describe the three stages of tissue repair (inflammation, organization and regeneration/fibrosis).
Inflammation causes isolation of the damaged area and cleans up dangerous microorganisms. Damaged cells release chemicals that activate mast cells. Mast cells release histamine which cause increased blood flow and increased vessel permeability. This increases the oxygen, nutrients and phagocytes to the area and facilitates waste removal.
Organization
restores the blood supply to the damaged area. This occurs at the same time as inflammation. Blood clot is replaced by granulation tissue.
Regeneration
repairs or replaces the damaged tissues to restore normal function. New cells migrate into area. If instead of cells of the original tissue migrating into the area, fibrous connective tissue moves in, then there is the formation of scar tissue and this step would result in fibrosis.
Atrophy
decrease in size of organ or tissue
Programmed cell death
idea that the timing of the death of a cell is coded in the cells genes.
Telomere clock
the telomeres, which are the ends of chromosomes, may have a way of counting the number of times a chromosome is copied and then allow for its destruction after being copied a certain number of times.
Cephalic
head
Transudate
is the fluid formed on surface of serous membrane.
The membrane is composed of 2 layers
the outer parietal layer lines walls of cavity and the inner visceral covers & attaches to organs.