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Chapter 34: Obstetrics & Neonatal Care Mastery Part 1

Anatomy and Physiology40 CardsCreated 3 months ago

This flashcard deck covers key concepts and facts from Chapter 34, focusing on obstetrics and neonatal care, including pregnancy, childbirth, and related anatomy.

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After delivery, the ________, or afterbirth, separates from the uterus and is delivered.

placenta
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
After delivery, the ________, or afterbirth, separates from the uterus and is delivered.
placenta
The umbilical cord contains two _________ and one _________.
arteries; vein
The amniotic sac contains about _________ to __________ mL of amniotic fluid, which helps to insulate and protect the floating fetus as it develops.
500; 1,000
A full-term pregnancy is from _______ to _________ weeks, counting from the first day of the last menstrual cycle.
36; 40
By the end of pregnancy, the pregnant patient’s heart rate increases up to 20%, or about __________ beats more per minute.
20
There is a high potential of exposure due to ________ ________ released during the childbirth.
body fluids
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Chapter 34: Obstetrics & Neonatal Care Mastery Part 1
TermDefinition
After delivery, the ________, or afterbirth, separates from the uterus and is delivered.
placenta
The umbilical cord contains two _________ and one _________.
arteries; vein
The amniotic sac contains about _________ to __________ mL of amniotic fluid, which helps to insulate and protect the floating fetus as it develops.
500; 1,000
A full-term pregnancy is from _______ to _________ weeks, counting from the first day of the last menstrual cycle.
36; 40
By the end of pregnancy, the pregnant patient’s heart rate increases up to 20%, or about __________ beats more per minute.
20
There is a high potential of exposure due to ________ ________ released during the childbirth.
body fluids
The leading cause of maternal death in the first trimester is internal hemorrhage into the abdomen following rupture of a(n) ___________ _________.
ectopic pregnancy
In serious trauma, the only chance to save the infant is to adequately _________ the mother.
resuscitate
During the delivery, be careful that you do not poke your fingers into the infant’s eyes or into the two soft spots, called _________, on the head.
fontanelles
_________ _________ is a developmental defect in which a portion of the spinal cord protrudes outside the vertebrae.
spina bifida
Passage of the fetus and placenta before 20 weeks is called ___________.
abortion
Preterm or false labor is commonly referred to as ________ _______ contractions.
braxton-hicks
The _________ ________ carries oxygenated blood from the woman to the heart of the fetus.
umbilical vein
The _________ is the area of skin between the vagina and the anus.
perineum
Due to hormonal changes that cause joints in the musculoskeletal system to “loosen,” a pregnant patient has a greater risk of ________.
falls

You assess an infant after delivery and note that the child has a loud cry and withdraws to pain. The heart rate is 94 beats/min, the extremities are cyanotic, respirations are rapid, and the infant strongly resists your attempts to straighten the knees. Determine the Apgar score.

Select One

A. 2

B. 10

C. 8

D. 4

C. 8

The female reproductive system includes which organs?
It includes the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, and the breasts.
During the menstrual cycle how many follicles are successful at maturing and able to release an egg?
There will only be one follicle (out of 10 to 20 that attempt the process each month)
When does ovulation occur?
It occurs approximately 2 weeks prior to menstruation.
What is the endometrium?
It is when the lining of the inside of the uterus, begins to thicken and prepare for the potential fertilized egg to implant.
What happens if the egg is not fertilized within 36-48 hours after it has been released from the follicle?
It will simply die. Eventually, the lining that has thickened inside the uterus will be shed. It occurs around the 28th day of woman’s cycle.
Where does fertilization of the egg usually occur?
Fertilization, when a sperm and egg meet, usually occurs when the egg is inside the fallopian tube.
What is an embryo?
It is the fertilized egg that is the early stages of the fetus.
What is the fetus?
It is the developing, unborn infant inside the uterus. (Grows for approximately 9 months/40 weeks)
What is the birth canal?
It is the vagina and cervix.
What is the cervix?
It is the narrowest portion of the uterus that opens into the vagina.
What is a bloody show?
It is a small amount of blood at the vagina that appears at the beginning of labor and may include a plug of pink-tinged mucus that is discharged when the cervix begins to dilate.
What is the length of the vagina?
It is about 8-12 cm in length (begins at the cervix & ends as an external opening)
How can you prevent the perineum from tearing?
By applying pressure to the baby's head to allow the tissues to stretch and to prevent a precipitous birth. An episiotomy may be performed by the physician (incision to the perineum).
What is the placenta?
It is the tissue attached to the uterine wall that nourishes the fetus through the umbilical cord.
What is the placental barrier?
It consists of two layers of cells, keeping the circulation of the woman and fetus separated but allowing nutrients, oxygen, waste, carbon dioxide, and many toxins and most medications to pass between the fetus and woman.
What is the umbilical cord?
It is the conduit connecting mother to infant via the placenta; contains two arteries and one vein.
The umbilical vein carries?
It carries oxygenated blood from the woman to the heart of the fetus.
The umbilical arteries carry?
They carry deoxygenated blood from the heart of the fetus to the woman.
What is the amniotic sac?
It is the fluid-filled, baglike membrane in which the fetus develops.
How much fluid is contained in the amniotic sac?
It contains about 500-1000 mL, which helps insulate and protect the fetus.
What systems are involved in changes dealing with pregnancy?
The primary systems are the respiratory, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems.
How much of an increase in blood volume does a pregnancy bring?
Blood volume may eventually increase as much as 50% by the end of pregnancy.
As the pregnancy continues what happens to the respiratory system?
The respiratory rate increases, with decreasing minute volumes. The pregnancy also increases the patient's overall demand for oxygen as the metabolic demands increase.

What are the three stages of labor?

1. Dilation of the cervix

2. Delivery of the infant

3. Delivery of the placenta