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Chapter 5: The Skeletal System

Anatomy and Physiology10 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers the key concepts of the skeletal system, including the structure, functions, and differences in bone types and skeletal regions.

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What is the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton?

We are composed of one skeleton that can be divided into two major regions, the axial and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton makes up our central axis and consists of the following bones: skull, vertebrae, ribs and sternum. The appendicular skeleton consists of the limbs and girdles.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What is the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton?
We are composed of one skeleton that can be divided into two major regions, the axial and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton makes up our centr...
What are the five functions of bones?
1. Support the body 2. Protects soft organs 3. Allow movement due to attached skeletal muscles 4. Storage 5. Blood cell formation within marrow
What is the difference between spongy and compact bone?
Spongy bone is porous and lightweight, while compact bone is dense and strong.
What are the four shapes and sizes of bones? What are examples of each?
Long (femur), short (carpals), flat (skull), and irregular (vertebrae) bones.
What is the function of the various parts of a long bone?
They support body weight, produce blood cells, and store minerals.
How does the skeleton, and bones, change through our life?
Bones grow, harden, and remodel over time, becoming brittle with age.
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Chapter 5: The Skeletal System
TermDefinition
What is the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton?
We are composed of one skeleton that can be divided into two major regions, the axial and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton makes up our central axis and consists of the following bones: skull, vertebrae, ribs and sternum. The appendicular skeleton consists of the limbs and girdles.
What are the five functions of bones?
1. Support the body 2. Protects soft organs 3. Allow movement due to attached skeletal muscles 4. Storage 5. Blood cell formation within marrow
What is the difference between spongy and compact bone?
Spongy bone is porous and lightweight, while compact bone is dense and strong.
What are the four shapes and sizes of bones? What are examples of each?
Long (femur), short (carpals), flat (skull), and irregular (vertebrae) bones.
What is the function of the various parts of a long bone?
They support body weight, produce blood cells, and store minerals.
How does the skeleton, and bones, change through our life?
Bones grow, harden, and remodel over time, becoming brittle with age.
What is the difference and similarity between the three types of vertebrae bone?
They differ in size and function but all protect the spinal cord and support posture.
How are true and false bones differentiated?
True ribs attach directly to the sternum; false ribs do not or share attachment.
What are differences between males and female pelvic girdles?
Female pelvis is wider and shallower to accommodate childbirth.
What are the common types of bone fractures?
Simple, compound, comminuted, greenstick, and spiral fractures.