Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Chapter 6: The Human Body Part 2
Chapter 6: The Human Body Part 2
This deck covers key concepts related to the human body's anatomy and physiology, focusing on muscles, respiratory structures, and circulatory components.
calcium
important for other body systems helps heart, muscles and nerves work properly
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
calcium
important for other body systems helps heart, muscles and nerves work properly
3 types of muscles
skeletal - major muscle mass (attaches to the bones)
smooth - major blood vessels and intestines
cardiac - only in heart
homeostasis
balances all the systems in the body
what helps protect the structures underneath them
muscles
structures that contribute to respiration and breathing
throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles and the lungs
upper airway
located anteriorly at the midline nose, mouth, tongue, jaw, pharynx
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
calcium | important for other body systems helps heart, muscles and nerves work properly |
3 types of muscles | skeletal - major muscle mass (attaches to the bones) |
homeostasis | balances all the systems in the body |
what helps protect the structures underneath them | muscles |
structures that contribute to respiration and breathing | throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles and the lungs |
upper airway | located anteriorly at the midline nose, mouth, tongue, jaw, pharynx |
larynx | dividing line between upper and lower jaw. |
trachea | windpipe, 5 in long, air and other gases |
esophagus | food and liquid pass through the pharynx to esophagus |
thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple) | more visible in males, anterior midline portion of the neck, this cartilage is the anterior part of the larynx. |
cricoid cartilage | below thyroid cartilage |
alveoli | grape like air sacks |
pleura | a layer covers each lung, smooth glistening tissue |
visceral pleura | covers lungs |
parietal pleura | covers chest wall |
diaphragm | primary muscle. unique because it has characteristics of skeletal and smooth muscles some shaped that divide the thorax from the abdomen |
ventilation | simple movement of air between the lungs and the environment |
artificial ventilation | provided in hope that your patient will resume |
respiration | process of gas exchange provides O2 and gets rid of O2 |
difusion | a passive process in which molecules move from an are with a higher concentration of molecules (air) to an area of lower concentration (blood stream) |
cerebrospinal fluid | a colorless fluid in around the brain and spinal cord that cushions these structures and filters out impurities and toxins |
medulla oblongetta | primarily responsible for irritating the ventilation cycle and prim stimulated by high co2 levels |
tidal volume | the amount of air that is moved into or out of the lungs in one breath |
inspiratory blood volume | the deepest breath you can take after a normal breath |
residual volume | gas remaining in the lungs after exhalation simply to keep the lungs open |
dead space | the portion of the respiratory system that has no alveoli therefore little or no exchange of gas between air and blood occurs |
minute volume | another measure used to assess the amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs in 1 minute
respiratory rate x tidal volume = minute volume |
stroke volume | amount of blood moved in one beat |
cardiac output | amount of blood moved in one minute |
tunica media | middle layer of the airway |
pulmonary artery | carries o2 depleted blood to the lungs |
superior vena cava | carries blood returning from the head, neck, shoulders |
inferior vena cava | blood from abdomen pelvis and lower extremities |