Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Cognitive Neuroscience Chapter 6: Attention PTII Part 1
Cognitive Neuroscience Chapter 6: Attention PTII Part 1
This deck covers key concepts from Chapter 6 of Cognitive Neuroscience, focusing on attention mechanisms and neural processes.
What neural area appears to be the ‘site’ of the attentional spotlight (according to Brefczynski & DeYoe, 1999)?
The extra striate cortex. moving attention stimulates contralateral occipital lobe
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What neural area appears to be the ‘site’ of the attentional spotlight (according to Brefczynski & DeYoe, 1999)?
The extra striate cortex. moving attention stimulates contralateral occipital lobe
Does P1 follow a retinotopic map? Is overt attention necessary for this to occur?
P1 follows a retinotopic pattern, regardless of whether it is generated by a sensation or by covert attention.
What is visual N1?
Visual N1 is at 140-200 (N100) has to do with initial processing of the stimulus
Know about the relationship between late selection and the attentional blink.
In the attentional blink (AB) paradigm, participants are instructed to detect a target (X or Y). However, a distracting stimulus (e.g., a coloured let...
How does attention to an object’s features affect activity in different visual association cortices? In ‘higher-order perceptual areas’ such as the fusiform face area?
Selective negative when you’re actively searching for something. Area MT shows enhanced activation when participants pay attention to moving dots rath...
What is reentrant processing?
The same brain structures can be involved at different stages of processing. Feedback loops or ‘re-entrant processing’. (info enters one are goes to m...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What neural area appears to be the ‘site’ of the attentional spotlight (according to Brefczynski & DeYoe, 1999)? | The extra striate cortex. moving attention stimulates contralateral occipital lobe |
Does P1 follow a retinotopic map? Is overt attention necessary for this to occur? | P1 follows a retinotopic pattern, regardless of whether it is generated by a sensation or by covert attention. |
What is visual N1? | Visual N1 is at 140-200 (N100) has to do with initial processing of the stimulus |
Know about the relationship between late selection and the attentional blink. | In the attentional blink (AB) paradigm, participants are instructed to detect a target (X or Y). However, a distracting stimulus (e.g., a coloured letter) appears before the target. If the distracting item appears close in time (approx. 300ms) to the target, participants will not see the subsequent target. |
How does attention to an object’s features affect activity in different visual association cortices? In ‘higher-order perceptual areas’ such as the fusiform face area? | Selective negative when you’re actively searching for something. Area MT shows enhanced activation when participants pay attention to moving dots rather than to the colour of the dots. Area V4 (colour perception) shows the opposite pattern. If participants allocate attention to the face, activity is found in the fusiform gyrus. (N170 waveforms) House perception leads to activity in the parahippocampal place area. Activity correlates with our conscious perception of stimuli |
What is reentrant processing? | The same brain structures can be involved at different stages of processing. Feedback loops or ‘re-entrant processing’. (info enters one are goes to more complex but can loop back to the first area again and influence that. Attention influences slightly dif areas first colour then focus on shape) |
Describe Woodman and Luck’s (1999) experiment with the N2pc waveforms. | Woodman and Luck (1999) found that N2pc switches between hemispheres as attention is covertly shifted across visual fields. N2 posterior contralateral component Related to shifting attention to salient stimuli in a visual array. Contralateral parietal and ventral occipital cortex. |
What is the difference between a processing negativity and a selection negativity (p. 196-7)? | Selection negativity (A sustained negative wave over the posterior (parieto-occipital scalp). It begins approximately 150ms after the stimulus. Does not influence occipital P1 and N1 (primarily spatial). Feature-based activity. from attention to non spatial visual feature of the stimulus ) Processing Negativity (prolonged negative wave during auditory selective attention, reflects how well stimuli match attentional template) |
What is extinction and what is neglect? | Extinction (The failure to respond to stimuli contralateral to the lesion when these stimuli are presented simultaneously with stimuli ipsilateral to the lesion. l. parietal damage, can only see one shape) Neglect (R.pareietal lobe damage, can’t see the left side at all [think controlaterally] not sense problem but consciousness |
Which visual field is neglected—ipsilateral or contralateral? -Is the information presented in the neglected field processed at all? If so, to what degree? Be able to provide some evidence supporting your answer. | The left visual field is neglected which is contralateral to the area. The info is still processed just to a very small degree. if it was a harmful stimulus they’d be able to detect that, bu otherwise nothing. |