Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Cognitive Psychology Chapter II (50-58)
Cognitive Psychology Chapter II (50-58)
This flashcard deck covers key concepts from Chapter II of Cognitive Psychology, focusing on brain structures and their functions, including the basal ganglia, limbic system, thalamus, hypothalamus, and more.
Three major brain structures:
forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Three major brain structures:
forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
Basal Ganglia are crucial to …
… motor function.
Dysfunction in the basal gnglia result in deficits such as …
… tremors, involuntary movement, changes in posture and muscle tone and slowness of movement.
Deficits that could result from a dysfunction in the basal ganglia are observed in which disease?
Parkinson’s disease; Huntington’s disease
The limbic system is important to …
… emotion, motivation, memory, learning.
Relatively undiveloped limbic systems can be found in … + implication
… reptiles and fish -> they almost exclusively respond to the environment by instinct.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Three major brain structures: | forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain |
Basal Ganglia are crucial to … | … motor function. |
Dysfunction in the basal gnglia result in deficits such as … | … tremors, involuntary movement, changes in posture and muscle tone and slowness of movement. |
Deficits that could result from a dysfunction in the basal ganglia are observed in which disease? | Parkinson’s disease; Huntington’s disease |
The limbic system is important to … | … emotion, motivation, memory, learning. |
Relatively undiveloped limbic systems can be found in … + implication | … reptiles and fish -> they almost exclusively respond to the environment by instinct. |
The limbic system conists of the following three central interconnected cerebral structures: | • amygdala • septum • hippocampus |
The amygdala is involved in … | … anger and aggression and enhances perception of emotional stimuli. |
The septum is involved in … | … anger and fear. |
Leasions to or removal of the amygdala can result in maladaptive … | … lack of fear. |
Two other effects of leasions to the amygdala can be: | • visual agnosia (inability to recognize objects) • hypersexuality |
Hippocampus is latin and means: | seahorse (named after its shape) |
The hippocampus plays an essential role in … | … memory formation. |
Korsakoff’s syndrome produces loss of memory function and is believed to be associated with … | … deterioration of the hippocampus. |
Excessive alcohol use can result in … | … Korsakoff’s syndrome. |
The hippocampus also monitors … | … what is where (spatial relations). |
Most of the sensory input into the brain passes through the … | … thalamus. |
Name four nuclei and their roles! | • Lateral geniculate Nucleus (in vision) • Medial geniculate Nucleus (in auditiory domain) • Ventroposterior Nucleus (sensing pressure and pain) • Ventrolateral Nucleus (sensing physical balance and equilibrium) |
Thalamus malfunction can lead to: | • pain • tremor • amnesia • impairment of language • disruptions in walking and sleeping |
The hypothalamus is related to: | • fighting • feeding • fleeing • mating |
Hypothalamus malfunction can result in: | • nacrolepsy (whereby a person falls asleep often and unpredictably) |
Why is the midbrain more important in non-mammals than in mammals? | It controlls eye-movement and coordination. In mammals these functions are dominated in the forebrain, in non-mammals in the midbrain. |
Name four nuclei and their roles! | • Lateral geniculate Nucleus (in vision) • Medial geniculate Nucleus (in auditiory domain) • Ventroposterior Nucleus (sensing pressure and pain) • Ventrolateral Nucleus (sensing physical balance and equilibrium) |
What does geniculate mean? | “knee-shaped” |
What does RAS stand for? | reticular activating system |
RAS aka. | reticular formation |
The reticular activating system (RAS) is essential to the regulation of: | consciousness (sleep, wakefullness, arousal, attention and heartbeat, breathing) |
The brainstem connects … | … forebrain to spinal chord. |
The medulla oblongata controls: | • heart rate • breathing • swallowing • digestion |
Where do nerves from the right side of the body cross over to the left side of the brain? | in the medulla oblongata |