Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Cognitive Psychology Cognitive Psychology Chapter III (87-103) Part 1
Cognitive Psychology Cognitive Psychology Chapter III (87-103) Part 1
This deck covers key concepts from Cognitive Psychology Chapter III, focusing on binocular depth cues, object representation, Gestalt principles, and pattern recognition systems.
Name two binocular depth cues!
• binocular disparity • binocular convergence
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Name two binocular depth cues!
• binocular disparity • binocular convergence
Binocular depth cues utilize…
… the relative positioning of our eyes.
What happens in binocular disparity?
Our two eyes send increasingly disparate/differing images to our brain as objects approach us.
When or what for do we use binocular convergence?
When we view objects at relatively close locations.
What happens in binocular convergence?
Our two eyes increasingly turn inward as objects approach us. Our brain interprets these muscular movements as indications of distance from us.
Name two common positions about how we store representations of objects! And a third alternative!
• Viewer-Centred Representations (we store how the object appears to us) • Object-Centred Representations (we store a representation of the object, in...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Name two binocular depth cues! | • binocular disparity • binocular convergence |
Binocular depth cues utilize… | … the relative positioning of our eyes. |
What happens in binocular disparity? | Our two eyes send increasingly disparate/differing images to our brain as objects approach us. |
When or what for do we use binocular convergence? | When we view objects at relatively close locations. |
What happens in binocular convergence? | Our two eyes increasingly turn inward as objects approach us. Our brain interprets these muscular movements as indications of distance from us. |
Name two common positions about how we store representations of objects! And a third alternative! | • Viewer-Centred Representations (we store how the object appears to us) • Object-Centred Representations (we store a representation of the object, independent of the viewpoint) • landmark-centred (e.g. representing places in an unknown city according to their relation to our hotel) |
A possible reconciliation of viewer- and object-centred approaches in object representation? | We use both kind of representations. Both are extrems on a continuum. (Burgund & Marsolek, 2000) + in the lab, people seem to be able to switch between all three |
Perception also groups objects for us. This is an important concept of … | … the Gestalt approach. |
Who founded the Gestalt approach to form perception? | • Kurt Koffka (1886 - 1941) • Wolfgang Köhler (1887 - 1968) • Max Wertheimer (1880 - 1943) |
According to the “law of Prägnanz”, … | … we tend to perceive any given visual array in a way that most simply organizes the disparate elements into a stable and coherent form. |
The concept of “figure-ground” deals with the fact that we … | … almost always perceive a figure in contrast to a background. (the famous vase / faces example: it is impossible to see both at the same time) |
Name 6 Gestalt-principles! | • Figure-ground • Proximity • Similarity • Continuity • Closure • Symmetry |
Two systems involved in pattern-recognition: | System 1: recognition of parts of objects + assembling them into distinctive wholes System 2 (Configuraional System): recognition of larger configurations (e.g. looking at a whole tulip flower, your friend’s face) |
You were relying on which pattern recognition system, when your best friend is angry at you for not noticing her new glasses? | The second! Changes in the details or the structure are not obvious to the second system. (also: people have more troubles recognizing parts of faces than whole faces. this is not the case for houses) |