Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /Developmental Psychology - Adolescence Part 1
Developmental Psychology - Adolescence Part 1
This deck covers key concepts in developmental psychology related to middle and late childhood, focusing on puberty, cognitive development, and social influences.
process that leads to sexual maturity or fertility o Adolescence offer opportunities for growth in cognitive and social competence, autonomy, self-esteem, and intimacy o Psychologist believe the tendency to engage in risky behaviors may reflect the immaturity of the adolescent brain
o Puberty
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
process that leads to sexual maturity or fertility o Adolescence offer opportunities for growth in cognitive and social competence, autonomy, self-esteem, and intimacy o Psychologist believe the tendency to engage in risky behaviors may reflect the immaturity of the adolescent brain
o Puberty
adrenal glands secretes increasing androgens (Dehydroepiandrosterone) between ages 6-8 yrs old
a. Adrenarche
maturation of sex organs, which triggers the second burst of DHEA productions
Gonadarche
maturation of sex organs, which triggers the second burst of DHEA productions
o Gonadarche
organs necessary for reproduction (e.g., ovaries, vagina, testes, penis)
o Primary Sex Characteristics
physiological signs of sexual maturation that do not directly involve sex organs (e.g., changes in voice, breast enlargement, broad shoulders)
o Secondary Sex Characteristics
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
process that leads to sexual maturity or fertility o Adolescence offer opportunities for growth in cognitive and social competence, autonomy, self-esteem, and intimacy o Psychologist believe the tendency to engage in risky behaviors may reflect the immaturity of the adolescent brain | o Puberty |
adrenal glands secretes increasing androgens (Dehydroepiandrosterone) between ages 6-8 yrs old | a. Adrenarche |
maturation of sex organs, which triggers the second burst of DHEA productions | Gonadarche |
maturation of sex organs, which triggers the second burst of DHEA productions | o Gonadarche |
organs necessary for reproduction (e.g., ovaries, vagina, testes, penis) | o Primary Sex Characteristics |
physiological signs of sexual maturation that do not directly involve sex organs (e.g., changes in voice, breast enlargement, broad shoulders) | o Secondary Sex Characteristics |
rapid increase in height, weight, and muscle and bone growth that occurs during puberty | Adolescence Growth Spurts |
rapid increase in height, weight, and muscle and bone growth that occurs during puberty | o Adolescent Growth Spurt |
first ejaculation; principal sign of sexual maturity in boys | o Spermarche |
first menstruation (monthly shedding of tissues from the lining of the womb) | o Menarche |
children may be starting puberty earlier but spending more time to reach full sexual maturity | o Secular Trend • May be due to higher standard of living, undernutrition, health, exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals • May also because they were firstborn, being born to a single mother and harsh maternal parenting practices |
disorder causing acne, irregular periods, excess hair growth, and the growth of cysts on ovaries | Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS |
one’s perception, thoughts, and feelings about one’s body | o Body Image • Girls tend to express the highest level of body satisfaction when underweight, some dissatisfaction when average weight, and the most dissatisfaction when overweight |
distorted body image, severely underweight, may be withdrawn or depressed, and afraid of losing control and becoming overweight | • Anorexia Nervosa |
distorted body image, severely underweight, may be withdrawn or depressed, and afraid of losing control and becoming overweight | • Anorexia Nervosa |
short-lived binge eating and then purging by self-induced vomiting, strict dieting, excessive exercise, etc. | • Bulimia Nervosa |
binging without purging of food | • Binge-eating disorder |
consuming five or more drinks on one occasion | o Binge Drinking |
Adolescents enter what Piaget called the highest level of cognitive development | Formal Operations |
methodical, scientific approach to problem solving, and it characterizes formal operations thinking | o Hypothetical-Deductive Reasoning • Involves ability to develop, consider, and test hypotheses • Piaget attributed it to a combination of brain maturation and expanding environmental opportunities |
adolescents can think about thinking – their own and the other people’s | o Self-Consciousness |
a conceptualized “observer” who is concerned with a young person’s thoughts and behavior as he or she is | o Imaginary Audience |
belief that they are special, their experience is unique, and they are not subject to the rules that govern the rest of the world | o Personal Fable • Underlies much risky, self-destructive behavior • Brain immaturity biases adolescent toward risky decision making |
decision making is influenced by two cognitive systems: verbatim analytical and gist-intuitional, which operate in parallel | o Fuzzy-Trace Theory Dual-Process Model |
the cancer patient and the greedy drug dealer, most famous example of Lawrence Kohlberg’s approach to studying moral development | o Heinz’s Dilemma |