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Developmental Psychology - Infancy Part 1
This deck covers key concepts in developmental psychology focusing on infancy, including principles of growth, brain development, and neural structures.
growth starts from the top part of the body (i.e., brain to foot)
o Cephalocaudal Principle
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
growth starts from the top part of the body (i.e., brain to foot)
o Cephalocaudal Principle
growth proceed from the center of the body outward (e.g., Palm (grasping) to fingers)
o Proximodistal Principle
o Children grow faster during
first 3 years
o Teething usually begins
around 3-4 months
o Growth slows in
second year of life
o Growth isn’t often smooth and continuous but rather ?
episodic, occurring in spurts
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
growth starts from the top part of the body (i.e., brain to foot) | o Cephalocaudal Principle |
growth proceed from the center of the body outward (e.g., Palm (grasping) to fingers) | o Proximodistal Principle |
o Children grow faster during | first 3 years |
o Teething usually begins | around 3-4 months |
o Growth slows in | second year of life |
o Growth isn’t often smooth and continuous but rather ? | episodic, occurring in spurts |
o– brain’s growth occurs in fits and starts | Brain Growth Spurts |
(maintains balance and motor coordination) grows the fastest during the first year of life | Cerebellum |
specialization of the hemispheres | o Lateralization |
concerned with language and logical thinking | o Left Hemisphere |
concerned with visual and spatial functions | o Right Hemisphere |
– tough band of tissue that joins the two hemisphere which allows them to share info and coordinate commands | o Corpus Callosum |
smallest; concerned with visual processing | o Occipital |
involved with integrating sensory info from the body; movement and manipulation of objects | o Parietal |
interpret smells and sounds and involved in memory | o Temporal |
involved in high-order processes such as reasoning and problem solving | o Frontal Lobe |
– outer surface of the cerebrum; grows rapidly in the first few months and are mature by age 6 months | o Cerebral Cortex |
o Brain Growth Spurt begins at | about the third trimester of gestation and continues until at least the 4th year of life |
send and receive info in the brain | o Neurons |
nourish and protect the neurons | o Glia or Glial Cells |
– sends signals to other neurons | o Axon |
receive incoming messages | o Dendrites |
tiny gaps which are bridged with the help of chemicals | o Synapses |
neurons that control various groups of muscle coordinate their activities | Integration |
each neuron takes on a specific, specialized structure and function | o Differentiation |