Developmental Psychology - Prenatal Part 1
This deck covers key concepts in prenatal development, including genetic processes, types of twins, and various genetic syndromes.
– also known as conception, is the process by which sperm and ovum (sex cells) combine to create a single cell called zygote, which then duplicates itself again and again by cell division.
o Fertilization
Key Terms
– also known as conception, is the process by which sperm and ovum (sex cells) combine to create a single cell called zygote, which then duplicates itself again and again by cell division.
o Fertilization
– rupture of mature follicle in either ovary and expulsion of its ovum which occurs every month until menopause
o Ovulation
also known as Fraternal Twins
o Dizygotic Twins
– resulted from the cleaving of one fertilized egg and are generally genetically identical
o Monozygotic Twins
genetic transmission of heritable characteristics from parents to offspring
o Heredity
– long, spiraling ladder whose steps are made of pairs of chemical units called bases
o Deoxyribonucleic Acid
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
– also known as conception, is the process by which sperm and ovum (sex cells) combine to create a single cell called zygote, which then duplicates itself again and again by cell division. | o Fertilization |
– rupture of mature follicle in either ovary and expulsion of its ovum which occurs every month until menopause | o Ovulation |
also known as Fraternal Twins | o Dizygotic Twins |
– resulted from the cleaving of one fertilized egg and are generally genetically identical | o Monozygotic Twins |
genetic transmission of heritable characteristics from parents to offspring | o Heredity |
– long, spiraling ladder whose steps are made of pairs of chemical units called bases | o Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
coils of DNA of smaller segments called genes | o Chromosomes |
cell division of non-sex cells | o Mitosis |
cell division of sex cells | o Meiosis |
mistake in copying genetic code which creates permanent alteration in genetic material | o Mutation |
not affiliated to sexual expression | o Autosomes |
23rd pair which indicates the baby’s sex (XX, female: XY, male) | o Sex Chromosomes |
produce alternative expressions of characteristics | o Alleles |
if two alleles are the same | o Homozygous |
if two alleles are different | o Heterozygous |
– allele that is always expressed or shows up as a trait in that person | o Dominant |
– usually doesn’t show unless paired with another recessive trait | o Recessive |
– interaction of several genes | o Polygenetic Inheritance |
observable characteristics | o Phenotype |
underlying genetic makeup | o Genotype |
environment can influence when and which genes turn on and off | o Epigenesis |
Extra copy of chromosome 21 | Down Syndrome |
Extra X Chromosome (XXY) | Klinefelter Syndrome |
Abnormality in X chromosome causes ID | Fragile X Syndrome |
Missing X chromosome for females | Turner Syndrome |