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Essential Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Physiology
This deck covers key concepts in neuroscience and cardiovascular physiology, focusing on cell types, neural functions, and cardiovascular mechanisms.
Which of the following is not a cell type found in the retina?
Pacinian corpuscle
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Which of the following is not a cell type found in the retina?
Pacinian corpuscle
A patient has symptoms of high blood pressure, elevated heart rate, due to excess epinephrine via tumor. Where would this tumor be located?
Adrenal medulla
What is the stimulus for nociceptors?
Pain
A brain tumor patient has a problem with moving her left arm. Where might you expect this brain tumor to be located?
Right frontal lobe
What type of cells form a myelin sheath around axons in the CNS?
Oligodendrocyte
The opening of ________ channels decreases the likelihood of an action potentials?
Chloride
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Which of the following is not a cell type found in the retina? | Pacinian corpuscle |
A patient has symptoms of high blood pressure, elevated heart rate, due to excess epinephrine via tumor. Where would this tumor be located? | Adrenal medulla |
What is the stimulus for nociceptors? | Pain |
A brain tumor patient has a problem with moving her left arm. Where might you expect this brain tumor to be located? | Right frontal lobe |
What type of cells form a myelin sheath around axons in the CNS? | Oligodendrocyte |
The opening of ________ channels decreases the likelihood of an action potentials? | Chloride |
Located within the ________ of the semicircular canal, a gelatinous structure called the _________ surrounds the cell | ampulla cupula |
Typical resting membrane potential for a neuron is ________ mV | -70 |
Threshold for action potential in a neuron is _____ mV | -55 |
Coding for stimulus intensity is signaled by AP frequency | True |
Mechanoreceptor fields are largest at the most sensitive areas such as the lips and hands | False |
Lipophilic hormone may be temporarily stored in adipose tissue | True |
Synaptic delay is due to the time it takes for neurotransmitters to diffuse across the synaptic cleft | False |
Voltage-gated channels are most abundant at the dendrites of a postsynaptic cell | False |
Taste receptor cells are only located on the tongue | False |
The posterior pituitary is comprised of axon terminals from the hypothalamus | True |
What is the term for the bundles of axons that connect the left and right side of the brain? | Commissures |
What type of glial cell is necessary for normal development of the blood-brain barrier? | Astrocytes |
Chambers in the brain that contain CSF | Ventricles |
The ____________ period is reduced membrane excitability after an action potential | Refractory |
Metabolite of hemoglobin that imparts the yellowish tinge found in plasma and the skin if a person has jaundice | Bilirubin |
Neurotransmitter released from motor neurons | Acetylcholine |
What is the first step of hemostasis | Vascular spasm |
Resistance to blood flow is regulated by which blood vessels? | Arterioles |
What hormone does not contribute to smooth muscle vasodilation in arterioles? | ADH |
Foreign materials are filtered out of the lymphatic system by | Macrophages |
Blood supply to the heart comes from | Coronary arteries |
What molecule forms the meshwork in a blood clot | fibrin |
Hematopoietic stem cells are found in: | bone marrow |
Nitric oxide causes _____________ | vasodilation |
Veins function as volume reservoirs due to their ________ compliance | high |
Which of the following factors do not contribute to vascular resistance? | blood pressure |
Formation of a platelet plug is initiated by _____ | von Willebrand factor |
What type of cell is the precursor for platelets? | Megakaryocytes |
The lymphatic system is an open circulatory system | True |
The end plate potential does not always depolarize the muscle cell to the threshold value required to initiate an action potential | False |
TOF: The opening and closure of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves is driven by the contraction of papillary muscles | False |
TOF: CO2 causes the relaxation of metarteriole sphincters | False |
TOF: Release of ADP by platelets is part of a positive feedback loop to increase platelet stickiness and aggregation | True |
TOF: A decrease in blood pressure within an arteriole will initiate a myogenic vasoconstriction response to maintain a constant rate of blood flow | False |
A ________ is a cluster of cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system | ganglion |
Urea is responsible for regulation: | Medullary osmotic gradient |