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Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 2: Chapter 40 Part 1

Anatomy and Physiology29 CardsCreated 3 months ago

A set of 30 flashcards covering key concepts related to respiratory function, gas exchange, and the cardiovascular system.

hypoxia, dyspnea, and hypoventilation are physical manifestations of what?

alterations in respiratory function
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
hypoxia, dyspnea, and hypoventilation are physical manifestations of what?
alterations in respiratory function
What is hypoxia?
inadequate oxygen to cells
dyspnea (difficulty breathing), elevated BP, increased RR & HR, anxious, restless, confusion are ___ of hypoxia?
symptoms
The upper airway ___, filters, and humidifies INSPIRED air
warms

Parts of the upper airway

  • nose

  • pharynx

  • larynx

  • epiglottis

The lower airway is responsible for the conduction of air, mucociliary clearance, and production of pulmonary surfactant

lower airway

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TermDefinition
hypoxia, dyspnea, and hypoventilation are physical manifestations of what?
alterations in respiratory function
What is hypoxia?
inadequate oxygen to cells
dyspnea (difficulty breathing), elevated BP, increased RR & HR, anxious, restless, confusion are ___ of hypoxia?
symptoms
The upper airway ___, filters, and humidifies INSPIRED air
warms

Parts of the upper airway

  • nose

  • pharynx

  • larynx

  • epiglottis

The lower airway is responsible for the conduction of air, mucociliary clearance, and production of pulmonary surfactant

lower airway

The lungs are the main organs of respiration
lungs
The lungs extend from the base of the diaphragm to the apex of the first rib
NA
The lungs are composed of elastic tissue
alveoli, surfactant, pleura
Integrity of the airway system is essential for
transporting air to and from lungs
A properly functioning alveolar system in the lungs oxygenates venous blood and removes carbon dioxide from blood
NA
The cardiovascular and hematologic systems carry nutrients and wastes to and from body cells
NA
Inspiration is
the active phase of ventilation; breathe in air
Expiration is
the passive phase of ventilation; breathe out air
Refers to the intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide
gas exchange
Gas exchange between the atmospheric air in the alveoli and blood in capillaries
respiration
Process by which oxygenated capillary blood passes through body tissues
perfusion
Gas exchange occurs via
diffusion
Most oxygen (97%) is carried by rbc’s in the form of
oxymemoglobin
What is the main organ of circulation?
the heart
The heart has chambers
4
__ atria; __ ventricles
2; 2
The aorta, pulmonary artery (right and left), and pulmonary veins are all
blood vessels
Dysrhythmia/arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia, angina, mi, and heart failure are examples of
alterations in the cardiovascular system
Level of health, __, __, __, __, and __ considerations are factors that affect cardiopulmonary and oxygenation
developmental; environmental; medication; lifestyle; psychological
Bony landmarks and subcutaneous fat become more prominent due to the loss of __
bony landmarks; subcutaneous fat
Kyphosis contributes to appearance of
leaning forward
Barrel chest may result in increased anteroposterior diameter
NA
Tissues and airways become more rigid in older adults
NA