Fungal characteristics

Question 1

Stating the defining characteristics of fungi

Accepted Answer

characteristics of fungieukaryotic; nucleus and organelles bound in membranehaploid;1 set of chromosomerigid cell walls; rich is gluons, mammoprotiens and chitins, they are non motileMorphologically diverse; some are yeasts which are unicellular and reproduce asexually by budding or branching filaments or some can do both which is dimorphicheterotrophic-can’t make its own foodcan reproduce asexually or sexuallygrow aerobicallyenvironment resistant forms, produce spores, conidia and chlamydophores

Question 2

How are chlamydospores manufacturedfusion of 2 nuclei= teleomorphicfrom a conidiophore- anamorphic fruiting bodythick walled hyphus

Accepted Answer

-thick walled hyphus

Question 3

Define mycosis

Accepted Answer

invasive fungal infection of animals which entrees through skin injures, inhalation of spores and intestinal tract. Usually deep seated infections

Question 4

Define Mycotoxicosis

Accepted Answer

Mycotoxicosis is from ingestion of feed or water infected with toxic metabolites produced by certain fungi

Question 5

Define mycosis

Accepted Answer

Mycosis is invasive fungal infection of animals which entrees through skin injures, inhalation of spores and intestinal tract. Usually deep seated infections

Question 6

List the different sites of granulomas for mycosis

Accepted Answer

superficial- on the surface of the skincutaneous-in the skinsubcutaneous- in subcutisi, including cutanoues lymphaticssystemic/ deep- in body lesions can be localised or disseminated (in multiple site)

Question 7

What is a Mannoprotein

Accepted Answer

Mannoproteins; is a protein with B-1,6-glucan or B-1,3-glucan which helps with adherence of fungi to surface and cell wall porosity (pores)

Question 8

What is the function of Chitin

Accepted Answer

function of Chitin impacts rigidity on cell wall found in fungi and exoskeleton of insects

Question 9

What is the benefit of melanin for fungi

Accepted Answer

benefit of melanin for fungiassits in environmental survival, resists high temp and ionising radiation, protections against drugs, resistance to killing after phagocytosis

Question 10

What is the importance of hyphae and where is it found

Accepted Answer

Hyphae importancemultinucleate structure present in multicellular fungi and oomycetes, used to anchor fungus to their substrate and proved nutrition to the entire fungusthe tip of the hypes is unusually anchored in the substrate and will produce an enzyme that breakdowns the substrate into simple nutrients

Question 11

Define a yeast and mould, what is dimorphic and list the factors which cause yeasts to become moulds and vice versa

Accepted Answer

Yeast is defined as a microscopic unicellular fungus, divides by budding
mould is multicellular fungus
many are dimorphic (they shift bw mould and yeast).
change ph from acid->alkaline = yeast->mould
higher body temp cover from mould, in cool climates= yeast

Fungal characteristics

Stating the defining characteristics of fungi

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Term	Definition
Stating the defining characteristics of fungi	characteristics of fungi eukaryotic; nucleus and organelles bound in membrane haploid;1 set of chromosome rigid cell walls; rich is gluons, mammoprotiens and chitins, they are non motile Morphologically diverse; some are yeasts which are unicellular and reproduce asexually by budding or branching filaments or some can do both which is dimorphic heterotrophic-can’t make its own food can reproduce asexually or sexually grow aerobically environment resistant forms, produce spores, conidia and chlamydophores
How are chlamydospores manufactured fusion of 2 nuclei= teleomorphic from a conidiophore- anamorphic fruiting body thick walled hyphus	-thick walled hyphus
Define mycosis	invasive fungal infection of animals which entrees through skin injures, inhalation of spores and intestinal tract. Usually deep seated infections
Define Mycotoxicosis	Mycotoxicosis is from ingestion of feed or water infected with toxic metabolites produced by certain fungi
Define mycosis	Mycosis is invasive fungal infection of animals which entrees through skin injures, inhalation of spores and intestinal tract. Usually deep seated infections
List the different sites of granulomas for mycosis	superficial- on the surface of the skin cutaneous-in the skin subcutaneous- in subcutisi, including cutanoues lymphatics systemic/ deep- in body lesions can be localised or disseminated (in multiple site)
What is a Mannoprotein	Mannoproteins; is a protein with B-1,6-glucan or B-1,3-glucan which helps with adherence of fungi to surface and cell wall porosity (pores)
What is the function of Chitin	function of Chitin impacts rigidity on cell wall found in fungi and exoskeleton of insects
What is the benefit of melanin for fungi	benefit of melanin for fungi assits in environmental survival, resists high temp and ionising radiation, protections against drugs, resistance to killing after phagocytosis
What is the importance of hyphae and where is it found	Hyphae importance multinucleate structure present in multicellular fungi and oomycetes, used to anchor fungus to their substrate and proved nutrition to the entire fungus the tip of the hypes is unusually anchored in the substrate and will produce an enzyme that breakdowns the substrate into simple nutrients
Define a yeast and mould, what is dimorphic and list the factors which cause yeasts to become moulds and vice versa	Yeast is defined as a microscopic unicellular fungus, divides by budding mould is multicellular fungus many are dimorphic (they shift bw mould and yeast). change ph from acid->alkaline = yeast->mould higher body temp cover from mould, in cool climates= yeast