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Genetics and Inheritance Patterns: Lab 7 Worksheet Answers

Biology19 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key concepts in genetics and inheritance patterns, focusing on allele dominance, population genetics, and phenotypic ratios.

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Do you think recessive traits automatically disappear from populations?

Yes, they tend to become less common every generation until they vanish.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Do you think recessive traits automatically disappear from populations?
Yes, they tend to become less common every generation until they vanish.
If you mated a pure breeding black pig with a pure-breeding brown pig, what would the piglets look like?
Piglets all black.
Are dominant alleles always common and do they become more common over time?
No.
Are recessive alleles always rare?
No.
Why is the R allele recessive to both B and W?
Because MC1R versions coded by both B and W are at least sometimes activated, increasing cAMP and therefore overriding the 'always off' R versions of ...

Recall that you started this tutorial by establishing pure-breeding populations of pigs (one brown and one black). What does pure-breeding mean, genetically?

breed two pigs and all the offspring have the same genotype as their parents, they are pure-breeding

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Genetics and Inheritance Patterns: Lab 7 Worksheet Answers
TermDefinition
Do you think recessive traits automatically disappear from populations?
Yes, they tend to become less common every generation until they vanish.
If you mated a pure breeding black pig with a pure-breeding brown pig, what would the piglets look like?
Piglets all black.
Are dominant alleles always common and do they become more common over time?
No.
Are recessive alleles always rare?
No.
Why is the R allele recessive to both B and W?
Because MC1R versions coded by both B and W are at least sometimes activated, increasing cAMP and therefore overriding the 'always off' R versions of MC1R in the membrane.

Recall that you started this tutorial by establishing pure-breeding populations of pigs (one brown and one black). What does pure-breeding mean, genetically?

breed two pigs and all the offspring have the same genotype as their parents, they are pure-breeding

A large population is founded with a dominant allele of a gene at a frequency of 0.6 and a recessive allele of that gene at a frequency of 0.4. The gene is not under selection. Which frequency is the dominant allele most likely to have after many generations?
0.6.
A large population is founded with two co-dominant alleles of a gene at frequencies of 0.4 and 0.4. A third allele of the same gene, dominant over both of the others, has an initial frequency of 0.2. The gene is not under selection. Which frequency is the dominant allele most likely to have after many generations?
0.2.
Do whole populations tend to show the same round ratios of phenotypes?
No.
Suppose a gene has two alleles, one of which is dominant over the other. An individual whose genotype is homozygous for the recessive allele has which of the following?
Two copies of the allele whose effect is hidden unless the other allele is absent.
Suppose a pigeon that is homozygous for the no grouse allele mates with a heterozygous pigeon. What is the expected frequency of the homozygous no grouse GENOTYPE in the offspring?
50%.
The no grouse allele is dominant over the grouse allele. If a pigeon homozygous for the grouse allele mates with a heterozygous pigeon, what is the expected frequency of the feathery-legged (grouse) PHENOTYPE in the offspring?
50%.
In a certain species of flowering plant, the allele for red petal color is dominant and the allele for white petal color is recessive. If you mated a homozygous red flower with a homozygous white flower, what would you expect the offspring to look like?
All off springs have white petals.
A scientist came across two populations of beetle species, each pure-breeding. One population was all red in color; the other was all black. The scientist mated one red beetle with one black beetle, and the offspring were all black. What is the dominance relationship between the two alleles?
Black is dominant over red.
The P allele codes for a version of EyeC that responds to signal molecules and therefore turns on and off, resulting in green eye color (from both blue and yellow pigment). The Q allele codes for a version of EyeC that is ALWAYS activated, even when signal molecules are not present. Assuming EyeC functions similarly to MC1R, which of the following statements is the best prediction of the dominance relationship between alleles P and Q as well as the phenotype for PQ individuals?
Q is dominant over P, and the eye color of PQ individuals is yellow.
A large sunflower population is established in a field. The flowers mate randomly, and all individuals are equally likely to survive and reproduce. In this population, 60% of the alleles of a gene for petal color are dominant and 40% are recessive. After many generations, which of the following options would be most likely?
The allele frequencies will be 60% dominant and 40% recessive.
A lizard population has two alleles for horn length. Long horns help protect the lizard from predation by birds. Homozygotes with allele 1 have long horns, while homozygotes with allele 2 have short horns. Given this information, which of the following is most likely true about the mode of inheritance for allele 1, and why?
It is impossible to say, because dominance cannot be inferred from fitness.
The allele for black noses in wolves is dominant over the allele for brown noses. There is no known selective advantage for one nose color over another in wolves. If this remains true, which of the following statements is most likely TRUE about the change in wolf nose colors over many generations?
Black noses will stay about the same frequency as now.
A large population of land turtles on an isolated island has two alleles for a gene that determines shell thickness. The allele for thinner shells is dominant over the allele for thicker shells. The thinner-shell allele occurs at a frequency of 20%. Assuming there is no net advantage to thick or thin shells, what should the frequency of homozygous thicker-shelled turtles be in the population?
50%.