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GRE® Psychology Clinical: Personality Part 6
This deck covers key concepts in personality psychology, including the influence of personality on health, relationships, and ethical considerations in assessments.
How can personality influence health outcomes?
Affects health behaviors; Impacts stress response; Influences health-related decision making; Conscientious individuals are more likely to engage in health-promoting behaviors, while neuroticism can lead to increased stress and health risks.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
How can personality influence health outcomes?
Affects health behaviors; Impacts stress response; Influences health-related decision making; Conscientious individuals are more likely to engage in h...
In what ways do personality traits affect relationships?
Determine compatibility; Influence communication styles; Impact conflict resolution; Traits like agreeableness and extraversion can lead to more satis...
What is the Barnum effect?
The tendency for people to accept vague, general statements as personally meaningful. Named after P.T. Barnum, the Barnum effect is often seen in horo...
True or False: Personality assessments are free from ethical concerns.
False Ethical concerns in personality assessments include issues like privacy, informed consent, potential misuse of results, and bias in the tests th...
What is a key difference between 'trait' and 'state' in personality psychology?
Traits are enduring characteristics. States are temporary conditions. Traits refer to consistent patterns in behavior, thought, and emotion, whereas s...
List two common uses of personality assessments in organizational settings.
Employee selection; Team building; Personality assessments can help match employees to suitable roles and improve teamwork by understanding individual...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
How can personality influence health outcomes? | Affects health behaviors; Impacts stress response; Influences health-related decision making; Conscientious individuals are more likely to engage in health-promoting behaviors, while neuroticism can lead to increased stress and health risks. |
In what ways do personality traits affect relationships? | Determine compatibility; Influence communication styles; Impact conflict resolution; Traits like agreeableness and extraversion can lead to more satisfying and stable relationships due to better communication and conflict management. |
What is the Barnum effect? | The tendency for people to accept vague, general statements as personally meaningful. Named after P.T. Barnum, the Barnum effect is often seen in horoscopes and personality tests, where statements are so general they apply to almost anyone. |
True or False: Personality assessments are free from ethical concerns. | False Ethical concerns in personality assessments include issues like privacy, informed consent, potential misuse of results, and bias in the tests themselves. |
What is a key difference between 'trait' and 'state' in personality psychology? | Traits are enduring characteristics. States are temporary conditions. Traits refer to consistent patterns in behavior, thought, and emotion, whereas states are transient and situation-dependent. |
List two common uses of personality assessments in organizational settings. | Employee selection; Team building; Personality assessments can help match employees to suitable roles and improve teamwork by understanding individual differences. |
How do cross-cultural differences impact personality assessment? | Cultural norms and values influence how personality traits are perceived and expressed. Cross-cultural differences can lead to variations in test responses, necessitating culturally sensitive assessment tools to ensure accuracy and fairness. |
What is one controversy surrounding the labeling of personality disorders? | Labeling can lead to stigma and self-fulfilling prophecies. Labels can negatively impact individuals' self-concept and how they are perceived by others, potentially affecting treatment outcomes. |
Fill in the blank: Developmental change in personality refers to changes in personality traits over the ______. | lifespan Personality is not fixed and can change due to life experiences, aging, and personal growth, challenging the idea of personality as static. |
Name one ethical consideration in forensic settings using personality assessments. | Ensuring assessments are valid and reliable for legal contexts. In forensic settings, the consequences of assessment results are significant, necessitating rigorous standards to avoid miscarriages of justice. |