GRE® Psychology Measurement, Methodology and Other: History Part 2
A flashcard deck covering key concepts from the history of psychology, including behaviorism, Gestalt psychology, psychoanalysis, humanistic psychology, and the biological approach.
What is behavior modification?
A set of techniques to help individuals unlearn habits that have led to psychological problems.
Key Terms
What is behavior modification?
A set of techniques to help individuals unlearn habits that have led to psychological problems.
What is the key premise in Gestalt psychology?
It stresses that the whole process should be studied, rather than specific parts.
It was a reaction to structuralism.
...
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is behavior modification? | A set of techniques to help individuals unlearn habits that have led to psychological problems. |
Describe Ivan Pavlov’s classical conditioning experiments. | He is an early behaviorist, in his famous classical conditioning experiment, trained dogs to salivate in response to the sound of a bell. |
What did John Watson believe Psychology should study? | He is one of the earliest behaviorists, felt psychology should be the science of overt behavior and reject the study of mental processes. |
Who is the psychologist behind operant conditioning of rats and pigeons? | B.F. Skinner |
What is the key premise in Gestalt psychology? | It stresses that the whole process should be studied, rather than specific parts.
|
Define: operant conditioning | Training organisms to repeat responses that lead to rewards and not to repeat responses that lead to punishment. |
Fill in the blank: Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka were _____ psychologists. | Gestalt |
Where do behavioral geneticists believe behavior comes from? | Particular behaviors are attributed to genetically-based psychological characteristics. |
Who is the father of psychoanalysis? | Sigmund Freud |
Fill in the blank: According to psychoanalysis, early life experiences are related to the development of one's __________ later in life. | personality |
Other than Sigmund Freud, name four psychologists who associate with the psychoanalytic perspective. | 1. Carl Jung 2. Alfred Adler 3. Karen Horney 4. Heinz Kohut |
Fill in the blank: The __________ approach studies unconscious motives, while the biological approach studies chemical processes. | psychoanalytic The psychoanalytic approach is also known as the psychodynamic approach. |
What is the difference between the conscious mind and the subconscious mind? | Conscious mind is readily accessible. Subconscious mind is inaccessible but influences behavior. |
Define: repression | Psychoanalytic term for burying information in the subconscious. |
Fill in the blank: __________, unlike behaviorists, believe free will guides behavior and leads to personal growth. | Humanists |
Define: humanism | Psychological perspective that believes humans have unique qualities of behavior that differ from other organisms. |
Name two psychologists who associate with the humanistic approach. | 1. Abraham Maslow 2. Carl Rogers |
Fill in the blank: Technological advances and physiological research formed the basis of the __________ approach. | biological The biological approach is also known as biopsychology or neuroscience. |
Fill in the blank: According to the biological perspective, behavior is related to the __________ processes within the nervous and endocrine systems. | chemical |
Which psychological approach does this statement reflect? Behaviors that contribute to survival and reproduction are naturally selected. | evolutionary |