Back to AI Flashcard MakerPsychology /GRE® Psychology: Physiological/Behavioral Neuroscience Part 8
GRE® Psychology: Physiological/Behavioral Neuroscience Part 8
This deck covers key concepts in physiological and behavioral neuroscience, focusing on antidepressants, antipsychotics, ethology, and notable researchers in the field.
What are the three main types of antidepressants?
1. tricyclics 2. monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors 3. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/25
Key Terms
Term
Definition
What are the three main types of antidepressants?
1. tricyclics 2. monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors 3. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
How do tricyclic antidepressants work?
They prevent the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.
How do monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors work?
They prevent MAO from breaking down norepinephrine and serotonin.
What is the purpose of antipsychotic drugs?
Generally, they are believed to prevent dopamine from binding to the postsynaptic membrane, reducing hallucinations, agitation, and delusions.
What are some disorders that can be treated with antipsychotics?
• Schizophrenia • Bipolar disorder • Delusional disorder • Psychotic depression • Tourette's syndrome • Dementia in the elderly
What antipsychotic is used frequently to treat bipolar disorder?
lithium
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What are the three main types of antidepressants? | 1. tricyclics 2. monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors 3. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) |
How do tricyclic antidepressants work? | They prevent the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. |
How do monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors work? | They prevent MAO from breaking down norepinephrine and serotonin. |
What is the purpose of antipsychotic drugs? | Generally, they are believed to prevent dopamine from binding to the postsynaptic membrane, reducing hallucinations, agitation, and delusions. |
What are some disorders that can be treated with antipsychotics? | • Schizophrenia • Bipolar disorder • Delusional disorder • Psychotic depression • Tourette's syndrome • Dementia in the elderly |
What antipsychotic is used frequently to treat bipolar disorder? | lithium |
What are common narcotics (or opiates) and what do they do? | • opium • heroin • morphine They are natural painkillers. |
What is ablation? | Ablation (or extirpation) is the term for surgically induced brain lesions. |
What is dementia? | A loss of cognitive functioning (including disorientation and memory failure). |
Which three ethologists shared the Nobel prize in 1973? | 1. Konrad Lorenz 2. Nikolaas Tinbergen 3. Karl von Frisch |
Fill in the blank: Ethology is the study of _________ behaviors. | animal |
What did Charles Darwin believe was instrumental to evolution? | natural selection |
Who was the founder of ethology research? | Konrad Lorenz |
What subjects within ethology is Konrad Lorenz known for? | • animal aggression • imprinting • releasing stimuli • fixed action patterns |
Why did Konrad Lorenz believe animal aggression was innate? | He believed, based on natural selection, that aggression in animals ensured that the strongest in a species survived, passing on their genes to future generations, and was therefore instinctual. |
What did Konrad Lorenz discover about attachment in baby birds? | Konrad Lorenz found that baby birds (and some other species) form an attachment to the first moving object they see after birth. This is called imprinting. |
According to Konrad Lorenz (and further supported by the research of Nikolaas Tinbergen), what triggered fixed action patterns? | releasing stimuli (sign stimuli or simply releasers) |
What is a fixed action pattern? | It is a chain of behaviors or events within a species brought on by a releasing stimuli. |
What are the four characteristics of fixed action patterns? | 1. uniformity 2. performed by most of a species 3. more complex than reflexes 4. unstoppable once they have started |
Following Konrad Lorenz's earlier research, what did Nikolaas Tinbergen's research focus on? | releasing stimuli; Tinbergen made models and used them in natural settings to observe the behaviors of animals. |
Briefly explain Tinbergen's experiment with stickelback fish and releasing stimuli. | Male stickleback fish attack each other in the spring when their bellies become red. To test that the belly color was the releasing stimulus, Tinbergen made realistic stickleback models with no red bellies and crude models with red bellies. Supporting his hypothesis, the fish attacked the red-bellied models. |
What did Tinbergen find during his research with herring gull chicks? | Herring gull chicks pecked at their parents' red-tipped bills to get food. Crude models showed the releasing stimulus to be the color red on the bill, and pecking intensity correlated with greater contrast between the bill and the red tip. |
What is a supernormal sign stimulus? | It is an artificial releasing stimulus whose effect is greater than the naturally occurring releasing stimulus. |
Who discovered that honeybees communicate through dance? | Karl von Frisch |
Who coined the term 'fight or flight'? | Walter Cannon |