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IB Psychology HL - SCLOA - How And Why Particular Research Methods Are Used In SCLOA

Psychology6 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

Experimental studies, which use controlled environments to establish cause-and-effect relationships (e.g., Asch's conformity experiment).

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research methods used in SCLOA

  • experimental studies (using scientific method)

- questionnaires

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

research methods used in SCLOA

  • experimental studies (using scientific method)

- questionnaires

experimental studies

  • manipulates the IV to test its effect on a DV

  • used because they show clear causation between variables

  • thus s...

example of a typical experimental study in SCLOA

Milgram (1963; 1974)

  • demonstrates how the situational factors of an authority figure, a high status location and the presence of soci...

correlational studies

  • sociocultural factors are often personal and difficult to separate from other factors

  • so surveys can be used to report on pe...

example of a typical correlational study in SCLOA

Wei et al. (2001):

  • participants self-reported on their conflict resolution methods

  • and results underwent correlational...

discuss

  • describe + explain

  • include background info/reasons for every point

  • give a balanced review offering evaluative...

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IB Psychology HL - SCLOA - How And Why Particular Research Methods Are Used In SCLOA
TermDefinition

research methods used in SCLOA

  • experimental studies (using scientific method)

- questionnaires

experimental studies

  • manipulates the IV to test its effect on a DV

  • used because they show clear causation between variables

  • thus showing clear determinism

  • can easily isolate cognitive processes

Example: Milgram (1963; 1974)

example of a typical experimental study in SCLOA

Milgram (1963; 1974)

  • demonstrates how the situational factors of an authority figure, a high status location and the presence of social support affect obedience

  • experimental conditions allowed complete control of the variables

  • clear link could be made

IV: social support (absence/presence), social status of location (higher/lower)
DV: obedience (established by number of shocks administered)

correlational studies

  • sociocultural factors are often personal and difficult to separate from other factors

  • so surveys can be used to report on personal experiences/habits

weaknesses:

  • mathematical models used are very complex

  • individuality is completely crushed in the interests of arriving at general dimensions

  • may lead to data that is not truly representative of a population

example: Wei et al. (2001)

example of a typical correlational study in SCLOA

Wei et al. (2001):

  • participants self-reported on their conflict resolution methods

  • and results underwent correlational analysis to see if there was a relation between conflict resolution styles and individualistic/collectivistic backgrounds

discuss

  • describe + explain

  • include background info/reasons for every point

  • give a balanced review offering evaluative comments about the issue you are discussing

  • discuss your own opinions and evidence to support your opinions

when discussing a theory/model:
• state strengths and limitations with empirical evidence AND evaluate those empirical studies
• discuss the usefulness of a certain theory by mentioning possible applications and how effective and universal these applications are
• compare to an alternative theory
• discuss the extent to which the theory can be universally applied – are the explanations culturally- or gender-specific?
• evaluate sources: is the theory based on methodologically questionable empirical evidence?

NOTE: ‘discuss’ + ‘advantages and disadvantages’ = provide clear judgment about whether the advantages or disadvantages are most significant, then explain reasons for your opinion