Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Integumentary System Test Part 2
Integumentary System Test Part 2
This deck covers key concepts of the integumentary system, focusing on skin layers, wound healing, and various functions of the skin.
What is the stratum basale?
simple columnar cells capable of mitosis
Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/29
Key Terms
Term
Definition
What is the stratum basale?
simple columnar cells capable of mitosis
What is stratum spinosum?
stratified cuboidal cells that are mainly dead
What is stratum granulosum
3 to 5 rows, partially flattened cells that contain proteins or granules that are precursors to keratin
What is stratum lucidum?
present only on palms and soles, it is 3 to 4 rows, flattened, dead cells containing keratin precursors
What is stratum corneum?
20 to 50 rows, flattened, dead cells, cells are filled with keratin and the ones that are lost by wear and tear are replaced by deeper cells
What occurs during the inflammatory phase of dermal wound healing?
redness (vasodilation), heat (bi-product of metabolic activity), swelling (fluids leave blood vessels into tissues, white blood cells invade), pain (n...
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is the stratum basale? | simple columnar cells capable of mitosis |
What is stratum spinosum? | stratified cuboidal cells that are mainly dead |
What is stratum granulosum | 3 to 5 rows, partially flattened cells that contain proteins or granules that are precursors to keratin |
What is stratum lucidum? | present only on palms and soles, it is 3 to 4 rows, flattened, dead cells containing keratin precursors |
What is stratum corneum? | 20 to 50 rows, flattened, dead cells, cells are filled with keratin and the ones that are lost by wear and tear are replaced by deeper cells |
What occurs during the inflammatory phase of dermal wound healing? | redness (vasodilation), heat (bi-product of metabolic activity), swelling (fluids leave blood vessels into tissues, white blood cells invade), pain (neuron injury and increase in pressure due to swelling) |
What occurs during the migratory phase of dermal wound healing? | epidermal cells migrate across the wound and blood clots forming scab |
What occurs during the proliferate phase of dermal wound healing? | there is a reestablishment of epidermis and connective tissue below; fibroblasts migrate and form collagenous fibers, binding wound together (sutures speed up) |
What occurs during the maturation phase of dermal wound healing? | phagocytes remove dead cells, cells mature to heal wound and scab falls off |
What are the two regions of the dermis? | papillary region and reticular region |
How is hair formed? | As epidermal cells divide and grow, older cells are pushed towards the surface. As they move upward they move further from the dermal's nutrients so they begin to keratinize and die. The remains extend away from the skin surface creating the hair shaft |
How does the integumentary system regulate a decrease in body temperature? | muscles in the walls of dermal blood vessels are stimulated to contract decreasing flow of heat-carrying blood through skin reducing heat loss and sweat glands remain inactive, nervous system stimulates muscles to contract slightly increasing heat through cellular respiration and small muscles may contract rhythmically with great force causing shivering which generates more heat |
What is the connection between dehydrocholesterol and vitamin D? | When dehydrocholesterol is synthesized in the digestive system it then can move to the skin and through exposure to ultraviolet light from the sun will be converted to vitamin D |
What structure anchors the epidermis to the dermis? | basement membrane |
What are the two types of intradermal injections? | subcutaneous injections go into the subcutaneous layer and intramuscular injections go into muscles |
What is the difference between cutaneous carcinomas and cutaneous melanomas? | cutaneous carcinomas are caused by regular exposure to sunlight while cutaneous melanoma is caused by short, intermittent exposure to high-intensity sunlight |
What are the lesion structural differences between cutaneous carcinomas and cutaneous melanomas? | carcinoma are either flat or raised, usually adhere to skin, slow growing, can be cured completely through surgery or radiation. melanoma have irregular outlines, may feel bumpy, spread horizontally through body, but may invade in the body making treatment difficult |
What can the size and shape of a medulla tell us? | what species or race the hair belongs to |
What information can be gained by doing a scale cast of hair? | species identification |
What causes baldness (alopecia) | infection, emotional stress, drugs, radiation, male hormones |
What is the structure of nerve receptors | nerve ending wrapped with connective tissue |
What is the function of nerve receptors? | receive information from outside world and send to brain |
What is the difference between pacinian corpuscles and meissner corpuscles? | pacinian respond to changes in deep pressure, while meissner respond to slight pressure changes and fine touch |
Describe the function of protection | vs. body fluid loss, injury, UV light, microorganism |
Describe the function of regulation of body temperature | insulating barrier, sweat, blood supply |
Describe the function of communication | react to stimuli-cold, hot, touch, pain |
Describe the function of excretion of wastes | sweat glands release waste |
Describe the function of vitamin D production | UV exposure, Vitamin D helps absorb calcium through digestive tract |
What can prolonged and excessive exposure to UV light cause? | prolonged exposure - increased melanin and darker skin means a tan, excessive exposure - sunburn or DNA mutations mean malignant melanoma |