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Medical Terminology Basics Part 6

Anatomy and Physiology50 CardsCreated 3 months ago

This deck covers essential medical terminology related to body structure, systems, and directional terms. It includes definitions and relationships between anatomical terms and body systems.

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inguin/o

groin
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
inguin/o
groin
later/o
side
lumb/o
loin, lower back
medi/o
middle
organ/o
tool
pelv/o
bowl, basin
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Medical Terminology Basics Part 6
TermDefinition
inguin/o
groin
later/o
side
lumb/o
loin, lower back
medi/o
middle
organ/o
tool
pelv/o
bowl, basin
physi/o
nature
pleur/o
pleura, rub
poster/o
back
proxim/o
near
super/o
above
thorac/o
chest, throax
umbillic/o
navel, umbilicus
ventr/o
belly
the study of body structure
anatomy
study of nature
physiology
homeostasis
maintaining internal stability
the simplest building block of the body
atom
atoms that bind together to form
molecules
molecules combine to form
organelles
organelles combine to form
cells
cells combine to form
tissues
four main categories of tissues
epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous
two or more tissues combine to form
organs
a group of organs sharing a general function
system
Cardiovascular system
transport substances to and from bodily cells
Lymphatic System
removes unwanted substances and recycle fluid to the blood
Respiratory System
exchange gases between the external environment and blood
Digestive System
prepare foods for absorption into the bloodstream, and eliminates solid wastes from the body
Urinary System
removes nitrogenous wastes and excess water and salts from the bloodstream
Female Reproductive System
Provides for creation of new individuals
Male Reproductive System
Provide for creation of new individuals
Nervous System
control homeostasis by sensing changes in the environment, processing information, and initiating body responses
Endocrine system
control homeostasis by releasing hormones into the bloodstream, which alter body functions
Musculoskeletal
Muscles produce movement of body parts, bones and joints support and protect soft body parts, allow movement by forming attachments to muscles, store minerals, and form blood cells
Integumentary System
protect body from fluid loss, injury, and infection
Directional Terms
words used to describe the relative location of the body or its parts.
Anatomical Position
erect posture with the face forward, arms at the sides, palms of the hand facing forward, and legs together with the feet pointing forward
Superior
toward the head end or upper part of the body
inferior
away from the head end or toward the lower part of the body
anterior
toward the front or belly side
posterior
toward the back
medial
toward the midline, which is an imaginary vertical line down the middle of the body
lateral
toward the side
superficial
external, toward the body surface
deep
internal, inward from the surface of the body
proimal
toward the origin of attachment to the trunk
distal
away from the origin of attachment to the trunk
plane
an imaginary flat field that is used as a point of reference for viewing three dimensional objects
frontal or coronal plane
a vertical plane passing through the body from side to side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions