Back to AI Flashcard MakerMedicine /Medical Terminology: Endocrine System Part 8
Define: Parathyroidectomy
A surgical procedure to remove one or more parathyroid glands, often performed to treat hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroidectomy can help alleviate symptoms caused by excess parathyroid hormone.
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Define: Parathyroidectomy
A surgical procedure to remove one or more parathyroid glands, often performed to treat hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroidectomy can help alleviate symp...
Define: Adrenalectomy
A surgical procedure to remove one or both adrenal glands, often performed to treat adrenal tumors or hyperfunction. Adrenalectomy can be necessary in...
Define: Pituitary surgery
A surgical procedure to remove tumors or lesions from the pituitary gland, often performed to alleviate pressure on surrounding structures. Pituitary ...
Define: Hypersecretion
The excessive production or release of a substance, typically hormones, by an endocrine gland. Hypersecretion of cortisol can lead to Cushing's syndro...
Define: Hyposecretion
The insufficient production or release of a substance, such as hormones, by an endocrine gland. Hyposecretion of insulin can lead to diabetes mellitus...
Define: Endocrinopathy
Any disease or disorder that affects the endocrine glands and their hormone production. Endocrinopathy can encompass conditions like diabetes and thyr...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Define: Parathyroidectomy | A surgical procedure to remove one or more parathyroid glands, often performed to treat hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroidectomy can help alleviate symptoms caused by excess parathyroid hormone. |
Define: Adrenalectomy | A surgical procedure to remove one or both adrenal glands, often performed to treat adrenal tumors or hyperfunction. Adrenalectomy can be necessary in cases of adrenal cancer. |
Define: Pituitary surgery | A surgical procedure to remove tumors or lesions from the pituitary gland, often performed to alleviate pressure on surrounding structures. Pituitary surgery can help restore normal hormone levels in patients with pituitary tumors. |
Define: Hypersecretion | The excessive production or release of a substance, typically hormones, by an endocrine gland. Hypersecretion of cortisol can lead to Cushing's syndrome. |
Define: Hyposecretion | The insufficient production or release of a substance, such as hormones, by an endocrine gland. Hyposecretion of insulin can lead to diabetes mellitus. |
Define: Endocrinopathy | Any disease or disorder that affects the endocrine glands and their hormone production. Endocrinopathy can encompass conditions like diabetes and thyroid disorders. |
Define: Hormonal imbalance | A condition where there is an abnormal level of hormones in the body, leading to various health issues. Hormonal imbalance can cause symptoms such as mood swings and irregular periods. |
Define: Autoimmune disorder | A condition in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, leading to inflammation and damage. Autoimmune disorders like Graves' disease can affect hormone production in the thyroid. |
Define: Inflammation | A biological response to harmful stimuli, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, often associated with immune response. Inflammation can occur in response to infections or autoimmune diseases. |
Define: Tumor | An abnormal mass of tissue that may be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), resulting from uncontrolled cell division. A tumor in the pituitary gland may disrupt hormone production. |
Define: Adenoma | A benign tumor of glandular origin that can affect hormone production, often found in the pituitary or adrenal glands. A adenoma in the pituitary can lead to hypersecretion of hormones. |
Define: Carcinoma | A type of cancer that begins in the skin or tissues that line the internal organs, characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. Carcinoma can arise in various organs, including the thyroid and adrenal glands. |
Define: Goiter | An abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can result from iodine deficiency, autoimmune disease, or nodular growth. A visible goiter can indicate thyroid dysfunction or iodine deficiency. |
Define: Hyperplasia | An increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, which may result in enlargement, often a response to a stimulus. Hyperplasia of the adrenal glands can occur in response to excess ACTH. |
Define: Atrophy | The decrease in size or wasting away of an organ or tissue due to disease, lack of use, or insufficient blood supply. Atrophy of muscle tissue can occur due to prolonged immobility. |