Microbiology Final Exam Questions Part 1
This flashcard set covers key concepts in microbiology, including universal features of prokaryotic cells and phases of bacterial growth. It’s useful for quick review before a final exam, emphasizing essential facts like the presence of ribosomes and characteristics of the log phase.
What is found in ALL prokaryotic organisms?
Ribosomes
Key Terms
What is found in ALL prokaryotic organisms?
Ribosomes
What is the best description of the log phase of a bacterial growth curve?
Populations double under optimum conditions
Through feedback inhibition a noncompetitive inhibitor of enzyme activity would...
Bind to the allosteric site of the enzyme and stop the reaction
Yeast infections such as thrush are caused by what?
Candida albicans
The outer protein coat of a simple virus particle is called?
Capsid
In the disease cycle of animal viruses(Lysogenic), uncoating takes place between which two stages?
Penetration and biosynthesis
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is found in ALL prokaryotic organisms? | Ribosomes |
What is the best description of the log phase of a bacterial growth curve? | Populations double under optimum conditions |
Through feedback inhibition a noncompetitive inhibitor of enzyme activity would... | Bind to the allosteric site of the enzyme and stop the reaction |
Yeast infections such as thrush are caused by what? | Candida albicans |
The outer protein coat of a simple virus particle is called? | Capsid |
In the disease cycle of animal viruses(Lysogenic), uncoating takes place between which two stages? | Penetration and biosynthesis |
What would be used to sterilize disposable prepackaged gloves? | Gamma |
Which type of hepatitis might you acquire by eating raw tomatoes or green onions at a restaurant? | Hepatitis A |
The bacteria that causes meningitis usually attach and multiply in this area of the body | Upper respiratory system |
Helper T cells... | Function in both humoral and cell-mediated immune function activation |
The function of chemical substances such as histamine and leukotrienes would be | To stimulate inflammation |
A cell is said to be _______________ when its cell wall is permeable to foreign DNA | Competent |
An enzyme that assembles free nucleotides to make a molecule of RNA is | RNA polymerase |
What do Rickettsias and Chlamydias have in common with viruses? | They are both obligated to live inside of a host cell |
Who discovered penicillin? | Alexander Flemming |
What is the difference between fimbriae and pili? | Pili is involved in bacterial sex(conjugation), whereas fimbriae is just for attachment |
New strains of the flu are made through _______________ _______________. | Antigenic shifts |
Prokaryotic ribosome subunits = | 50 + 30 = 70 |
Eukaryotic ribosome subunits = | 60 + 40 = 80 |
Fermenters | Homolactic, Alcohol, Ethanol |
The prefix for fungi is | Myco- |
Endotoxin | Gram negative |
Exotoxin | Gram positive |
Lytic | The virus hijacks the cell and then destroys it |
Lysogenic | The virus integrates itself into the DNA and stays there indefinitely |
What is the least effective antibiotic? | Penicillin |
What does betalactimase do? | Creates resistance to penicillin |
Chlamydia has _____________ bodies | elementary |
Treatment for tetanus? | If you have been vaccinated (DTaP) before exposure: |
What is the leading cause of blindness? | Trachoma |
What causes trachoma? | Chlamydia |
Varicella zoster aka | Chicken pox |
What bacteria causes cavities? | Streptococcus mutans |
Bacteria use | CAPSULES |
Where does transcription occur? | The nucleus |
Where does translation occur? | The cytoplasm |
What develops as a complication of strep throat? | Rheumatic fever |
IgG | Previous exposure |
IgA | Dimer |
IgM | Pentomer |
IgD | Monomer |
IgE | Monomer |
Rank the WBC's from most to least abundant | Neutrophil |
Neutrophil | Phagocytic |
Lymphocyte | Specific immunity T-cells, B-cells & natural killer cells |
Monocyte | Phagocytic as mature macrophages |
Eosinophil | Toxic to parasites |
Basophils | Produce histamines to combat allergic reactions |
What are chemoheterotrophs? | Organisms that get carbon from organic material such as proteins, carbohydrates & lipids |
What are chemoautotrophs & photoautotrophs? | They get their carbon from carbon dioxide |