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Microbiology Final Exam Questions Part 2

Biology48 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This flashcard set covers key concepts in microbiology, including universal features of prokaryotic cells and phases of bacterial growth. It’s useful for quick review before a final exam, emphasizing essential facts like the presence of ribosomes and characteristics of the log phase.

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes use aerobic respiration as a way to produce ATP, but you get the (most/least) ATP from aerobic respiration in prokaryotes

Most

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes use aerobic respiration as a way to produce ATP, but you get the (most/least) ATP from aerobic respiration in prokaryotes

Most

What is the final electron acceptor?

Oxygen

What are medically important fungi that exhibit dimorphism?

Yeast-like & filamentous fungi

What makes up the envelope of some viruses?

Phospholipids from the host cell membrane

Fungi that cause systemic mycoses lives where?

They live in the soil as saprophytes

What are the three stages of syphilis?

Primary stage - chancre sores
Secondary stage - rash on soles of feet and palms
Tertiary stage - gummas

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TermDefinition

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes use aerobic respiration as a way to produce ATP, but you get the (most/least) ATP from aerobic respiration in prokaryotes

Most

What is the final electron acceptor?

Oxygen

What are medically important fungi that exhibit dimorphism?

Yeast-like & filamentous fungi

What makes up the envelope of some viruses?

Phospholipids from the host cell membrane

Fungi that cause systemic mycoses lives where?

They live in the soil as saprophytes

What are the three stages of syphilis?

Primary stage - chancre sores
Secondary stage - rash on soles of feet and palms
Tertiary stage - gummas

Which stages of syphilis are infective?

The primary and secondary stages

Why is mycobacterium hard to treat?

Because it has a slow metabolic and growth rate

Septicemia is also known as

Blood poisoning

Bacteremia is ______________ in the blood

Bacteria

Inflammation is stimulated by chemicals such as

Histamines and leukotrienes

Plasma cells make

Antibodies & release them into the blood stream

What is clonal selection?

The process by which B-cells are activated by an antigen

Where do monocytes and macrophages bond to on an antibody?

The Fc region

What activates the cell mediated response of the immune system?

Antigen presenting cells

Transcription

DNA ------> RNA

Translation

RNA ------> Protein

What bacteria causes Tetanus?

Clostridium tetani

What bacteria causes Strep?

Streptococcus pyogens

What bacteria causes Lyme disease?

Borellia burgdorferi

What bacteria causes Pneumococcal meningitis?

Streptococcus pnuemoniae

What bacteria causes Tuberculosis?

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

What bacteria causes Staphylococcal food poisoning?

Staphylococcus aureus

What bacteria causes Salmonellosis?

Salmonella enterica

What bacteria causes Syphilis?

Treponema pallidum

First line of defense

skin, mucous membrane, secretions

Second line of defense

white blood cells, antimicrobial protiens, and inflammatory response

Third line of defense

lymphocytes & antibodies

Alpha hemolysis

partial lysis; green halo

Beta hemolysis

full lysis; clear halo

DTaP vaccine

Diptheria, Tetanus, & Pertussis

Tuberculosis vaccine

BCG

Intoxication

illness in which bacterial toxins are ingested with food or water

infection

illness in which live bacterial pathogens are ingested and grow in the body

Malaria transmission

Anopheles mosquito

Chicken pox(herpes simplex 3) goes latent where?

Ganglia

Herpes 1 goes latent where?

Trigeminal

pseadopods(eukaryotic membrane)

locomotion and engulfing phagoycytes(white blood cell)

axial filaments (endoflagellum)

spirochete locomotion wrapping

Flagella

locomotion in all 3 domains

Reverse transcriptase

takes DNA back to RNA

Chaga's disease(American- T. Cruzi) transmission

kissing bug-vector

West Nile transmission

mosquito-vector

Sleeping sickness(African- T. Bruci) transmission

teetse fly-vector

What causes chicken pox(Varicella-zoster virus)

Human herpes virus 3

Luekocytes aka

White blood cells

Vector is also another word for

Plasmid(DNA injection)

Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to the devolpment of disease by Clostridial species?

ENDOtoxin formation