Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /Muscular System Part 1
Muscular System Part 1
This deck covers key concepts of the muscular system, including muscle types, structures, and functions. It provides essential information on muscle anatomy and physiology.
What are the three muscle types in the body?
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What are the three muscle types in the body?
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
What is the endomysium?
a thin layer of connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber
What is the perimysium?
connective tissue that surrounds groups of 10-100 individual muscle fibers separating them into bundles called fascicles.
What is the epimysium?
Connective tissue layer(outside muscle); an overcoat of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the whole muscle
Where are smooth muscles found in the body?
walls of hollow organs (except heart) in the digestive system, blood vessels, and urinary system
How is cardiac muscle contraction regulated?
involuntary contraction
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What are the three muscle types in the body? | skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
What is the endomysium? | a thin layer of connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber |
What is the perimysium? | connective tissue that surrounds groups of 10-100 individual muscle fibers separating them into bundles called fascicles. |
What is the epimysium? | Connective tissue layer(outside muscle); an overcoat of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the whole muscle |
Where are smooth muscles found in the body? | walls of hollow organs (except heart) in the digestive system, blood vessels, and urinary system |
How is cardiac muscle contraction regulated? | involuntary contraction |
What are the functions of muscle? | producing movement, maintaining posture, stabilizing joints and generating heat |
What is the sarcolemma? | specialized plasma membrane of muscle cells |
What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum? | stores calcium |
What is myosin? | Thick filament protein with a head and elongated tail, the heads form cross bridges with the thin filaments during muscle contraction |
What is actin? | Thin filament protein. Twisted into a double helix and appears like a double-stranded chain of pearls. Contains the myosin-binding site. |
What is the neurotransmitter for muscle contraction? | acetylcholine (ACh) |
What is the energy needed for muscle contraction? | stored ATP |
What types of muscles are involuntary? | smooth and cardiac |
What types of muscle are striated? | skeletal and cardiac |
What type of muscle is voluntary? | skeletal |
What type of muscle has intercalated discs? | cardiac |
Where is glycogen stored in the muscle cells? | in glycosomes |
What is the cytoplasm of the muscle cell? | sarcoplasm |
What is the light area of the sarcomere? | I Band |
What structure attaches a bone to a muscle? | tendon |
What proteins are on actin? | tropomysin and troponin (in skeletal muscle) |
What is the H Band? | the center part of the sarcomere that gets smaller when a muscle contracts and appears when the muscle relaxes |
What ion stimulates the contraction of muscle? | calcium |
What is the function of skeletal muscle? | movement of bones |
What type of muscle forms most of the heart? | cardiac |
What type of muscle exhibits autorhythmicity (beats with a steady rhythm)? | cardiac |
What type of muscle forms the walls of hollow internal structures? | smooth |
What type of muscles have a striped appearance? | skeletal and cardiac |
What is the contractile unit of muscle? | sarcomere |